Compositions and methods for well completions
Expansive cements for use in cementing subterranean wells comprise water, an inorganic cement and one or more particulate materials that swell upon contact with a water immiscible fluid. The cements may further comprise a water immiscible fluid. Such cements are designed to seal microannuli arising from the presence of water immiscible fluids on casing surfaces, borehole wall surfaces or both.
1. A method, comprising:
drilling a subterranean well with a water immiscible fluid;
inserting a casing string into the subterranean well, thereby creating an annulus where an outer surface of the casing string and a borehole wall are coated by the water immiscible fluid;
providing a composition comprising water, an inorganic cement, an expanding agent present at a concentration between 0.5% and 15.0% by weight of the inorganic cement, and a plurality of particles comprising one or more materials that swell upon contact with the water immiscible fluid, wherein the composition is not an emulsion;
placing the composition into the annulus, after which a residual portion of the water immiscible fluid is left behind on regions of the outer surface of the casing string and the borehole wall; and
allowing the plurality of particles to swell upon contact with the residual portion of the water immiscible fluid, and thereby sealing the regions.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic cement comprises one or more members selected from the group consisting of portland cement, calcium aluminate cement, lime-silica blends, geopolymers, Sorel cements, chemically bonded phosphate ceramics, zeolites and cement-kiln dust.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more materials comprises one or more members selected from the group consisting of ground rubber, polypropylene, uintaite, poly-2, 2, 1-bicyclo heptene, alkylstyrene, crosslinked substituted vinyl acrylate copolymers, polyisoprene, polyvinyl acetate, polychloroprene, acrylonitrile butadiene, hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene, ethylene propylene diene monomer, ethylene propylene monomer, styrene-butadiene, styrene/propylene/diene monomer, brominated poly(isobutylene-co-4-methyl styrene), chlorosulphonated polyethylenes, polyacrylates, polyurethanes, silicones, chlorinated polyethylene, epichlorohydrin ethylene oxide copolymer, ethylene acrylate rubber, ethylene propylene diene terpolymers, sulphonated polyethylene, fluorosilicones, fluoroelastomer and substituted styrene acrylate copolymers.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein, prior to swelling, the plurality of particles have a particle size between 1 micrometer and 1 millimeter, and the plurality of particles are present at a concentration between 1% and 50% by volume of the composition.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water immiscible fluid comprises one or more members selected from the group consisting of crude oil, mineral oil, diesel oil, vegetable oil, linear alpha-olefins, xylene and toluene.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the expanding agent comprises calcium sulfate hemihydrate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, aluminum powder, zinc powder, iron powder, magnesium powder, calcium oxide or magnesium oxide or combinations thereof.