Respiratory syncytial virus having altered NS1 protein function and related materials and methods
Embodiments disclosed herein provide compositions, methods, and uses for respiratory syncytial viruses (RSV) and immunogenic compositions thereof. Certain embodiments provide RSV having a mutated NS1 protein, where the mutation causes the uncoupling of the NS1 protein's replication and type I interferon (IFN) antagonist functions. In some embodiments, this uncoupling can produce virions capable of inducing a strong, long-lasting innate immune response while maintaining its ability to replicate in vitro. Also provided are methods for amplifying RSV in host cells, wherein amplified RSV has mutated NS1 protein in which the protein's replication and IFN antagonistic functions are uncoupled. In certain embodiments, the amplified RSV having mutated NS1 protein is formulated into immunogenic compositions, including vaccines. Other embodiments provide methods for inducing an effective immune response against RSV infection in a subject.
1. A mutant respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) comprising a mutated nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) comprising an amino acid deletion in the first 20 amino acids of an amino-terminus of the NS1, the amino acid deletion in the first 20 amino acids of the amino-terminus of the NS1 consisting of a mutation selected from the group consisting of Δ6-15; Δ6-18; Δ8-18; Δ8-20; Δ6-10,12,15-19; NΔ5; Δ2-5; Δ2-7; Δ5-7; Δ6-10; Δ11-15; Δ11-13,18-20; Δ9; Δ11; Δ12; Δ13; Δ7,8; Δ9-11; and Δ9, 12 of an RSV NS1 protein having at least 95% sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 1.
2. The mutant RSV of claim 1 , further comprising at least one substitution mutation in the 20 amino-terminal amino acids (aa 1-20) or 10 carboxy-terminal amino acids of the RSV NS1 protein.
3. The mutant RSV of claim 1 , wherein the deletion mutation is selected from the group consisting of Δ6-10; Δ11; and Δ9,12.
4. The mutant RSV of claims 1 , 2 or 3 , wherein the mutant RSV is an attenuated RSV.
5. An immunogenic composition against RSV comprising the attenuated RSV according to claim 4 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
6. A method for producing an immunogenic composition against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) comprising:
providing a cell culture of host cells;
inoculating the cell culture of host cells with the mutant RSV of claim 1 ;
incubating the cell culture of host cells with the mutant RSV;
harvesting RSV following the incubation step; and
formulating the harvested RSV into an immunogenic composition against RSV.
7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising purifying the harvested RSV.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein formulating comprises combining the harvested RSV with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, vehicle, or excipient, and adjuvant, or a combination thereof.
9. The method of claim 6 , wherein the immunogenic composition against RSV comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, vehicle, or excipient, an adjuvant, or a combination thereof.
10. An immunogenic composition against RSV produced by a method comprising:
providing a cell culture of host cells;
inoculating the cell culture of host cells with the mutant RSV of claim 1 ;
incubating the cell culture of host cells with the mutant RSV;
harvesting RSV following the incubation step; and
formulating the harvested RSV into an immunogenic composition against RSV.
11. A method for inducing an effective immune response against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in a subject, comprising administering to the subject an immunologically effective dose of an immunogenic composition against RSV according to claim 5 .
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the subject is human.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the subject is a human infant or child.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the immunogenic composition against RSV is administered via an administration route comprising intranasal administration; subcutaneous administration; intramuscular administration; intradermal administration; and oral administration.
15. The method of claim 11 , further comprising administering at least one subsequent immunologically effective dose of the immunogenic composition against RSV.