Integrated SCR and ammonia oxidation catalyst systems
A catalyst containing a washcoat including copper or iron on a small pore molecular sieve material having a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms physically mixed with platinum and rhodium on a refractory metal oxide support including alumina, silica, zirconia, titania, and a physical mixture or a chemical combination or an atomically doped combination thereof is described. A catalyst containing a first washcoat zone substantially free of platinum group metal and including copper or iron on a small pore molecular sieve material having a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms; and a second washcoat zone including copper or iron on a small pore molecular sieve material having a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms physically mixed with platinum or platinum and rhodium on a refractory metal oxide support including alumina, silica, zirconia, titania, and a physical mixture or a chemical combination or an atomically doped combination thereof is provided. A method and a system for treating emissions using the catalyst are also described.
1. A catalyst for selectively oxidizing ammonia to dinitrogen and having minimal nitrogen oxide byproducts, the catalyst comprising a washcoat comprising:
(i) copper on a small pore molecular sieve material having a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms; and
(ii) platinum (Pt) and rhodium (Rh) on a refractory metal oxide support comprising alumina, silica, zirconia, titania, or a physical mixture or chemical combination or atomically doped combination thereof,
wherein (i) and (ii) are physically mixed with each other, and
a ratio of Pt to Rh in the catalyst is greater than 1,
wherein the refractory metal oxide support is doped with at least one dopant chosen from Ce, La, Ba, Zr, Hf, Ta, Mn, Si, Ti, W, Mo, and Re, and
wherein the dopant is present in an amount ranging from 5 weight % to 30 weight % based on the total weight of the refractory metal oxide support,
wherein platinum is present in an amount in a range from 0.3 g/ft 3 to 20 g/ft 3 and rhodium is present in an amount in a range from 0.3 g/ft 3 to 20 g/ft 3 , and
there is no other platinum group metal present.
2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the washcoat is disposed on a monolithic substrate.
3. The catalyst of claim 2 , wherein the monolithic substrate is a flow-through honeycomb substrate comprising a plurality of fine, substantially parallel gas flow passages extending along a longitudinal axis of the substrate.
4. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein (i) and (ii) are homogenously mixed in the washcoat.
5. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the washcoat is substantially free of copper aluminate.
6. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the molecular sieve material is at least one framework type chosen from CHA, AEI, AFX, ERI, KFI, LEV, AFT, EAB, DDR, PAU, RHO, SAV, SAT, TSC, and UEI.
7. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the molecular sieve material is a CHA framework type.
8. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the molecular sieve material has a silica to alumina ratio in a range of 2 to 200.
9. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the washcoat comprises iron on a small pore molecular sieve material having a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms.
10. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is effective to eliminate more than 50% of NO x and slips less than about 20% of NH 3 after thermal simulated aging of the catalyst at 750° C. for 16 hours with 10% steam in air.
11. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of Pt to Rh in the catalyst is greater than about 1.5.
12. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of Pt to Rh in the catalyst is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3.
13. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of Pt to Rh in the catalyst is greater than 1.5 and less than or equal to 3.
14. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the refractory metal oxide support has a particle size distribution of 90% of the particles smaller than 10 microns.
15. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is calcined and the rhodium and platinum are present as an alloy.
16. A catalyst for oxidizing ammonia, the catalyst comprising:
a first washcoat zone comprising copper or iron on a small pore molecular sieve material having a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms, the first washcoat zone being substantially free of platinum group metal; and
a second washcoat zone comprising the catalyst of claim 1 .
17. The catalyst of claim 16 , wherein the first washcoat zone and second washcoat zone are disposed on a monolithic substrate.
18. The catalyst of claim 17 , wherein
the first washcoat zone and the second washcoat zone are disposed adjacent on the monolithic substrate, and
the first washcoat zone is upstream from the second washcoat zone.
19. The catalyst of claim 16 , wherein the second washcoat zone comprises no other platinum group metal.
20. The catalyst of claim 16 , wherein the molecular sieve material is at least one framework type chosen from CHA, AEI, AFX, ERI, KFI, LEV, AFT, EAB, DDR, PAU, RHO, SAV, SAT, TSC, and UEI.
21. The catalyst of claim 16 , wherein the molecular sieve material is a CHA framework type.
22. The catalyst of claim 16 , wherein the molecular sieve material has a silica to alumina ratio in a range of 2 to 200.
23. A method for treating emissions produced in an exhaust gas stream of a lean-burn engine, the method comprising:
injecting ammonia or an ammonia precursor into an exhaust gas stream comprising one or more of NO x , CO, or a hydrocarbon; and
passing the exhaust gas stream through the catalyst of claim 1 .
24. A system for treating emissions produced in an exhaust gas stream of a lean-burn engine, the system comprising:
a source of ammonia and an injector to inject the source of ammonia into the exhaust gas stream;
a selective catalytic reduction catalyst downstream from the source of ammonia to promote reaction of ammonia with at least one nitrogen oxide to form nitrogen and H 2 O selectively; and
the catalyst according to claim 1 .
25. The system of claim 24 , further comprising an ammonia oxidation (AMOx) catalyst.