Treatment of insect bite hypersensitivity

1. A composition comprising:

(a) a core particle with at least one first attachment site; and

(b) at least one antigen with at least one second attachment site, wherein said at least one antigen is:

(i) an equine Interleukin-5 antigen (eIL-5 antigen), wherein said eIL-5 antigen comprises a protein with the amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO:1 or a protein with an amino acid sequence of at least 90% amino acid sequence identity with SEQ ID NO:1;

(ii) an equine Eotaxin antigen (eEotaxin antigen), wherein said eEotaxin antigen comprises a protein with the amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO:6 or a protein with an amino acid sequence of at least 90% amino acid sequence identity with SEQ ID NO:6; or

(iii) an equine Interleukin-31 antigen (eIL-31 antigen), wherein said eIL-31 antigen comprises a protein with the amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO:12 or a protein with an amino acid sequence of at least 90% amino acid sequence identity with SEQ ID NO:12;

wherein (a) and (b) are linked through said at least one first and said at least one second attachment site via at least one non-peptide covalent bond.

2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said at least one antigen is an equine Interleukin-5 antigen (eIL-5 antigen), wherein said protein with an amino acid sequence of at least 90% amino acid sequence identity with SEQ ID NO:1 is selected from SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:5, SEQ ID NO:35, SEQ ID NO:36, SEQ ID NO:37 and SEQ ID NO:38.

3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said at least one antigen is an equine Eotaxin antigen (eEotaxin antigen), wherein said protein with an amino acid sequence of at least 90% amino acid sequence identity with SEQ ID NO:6 is selected from SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:39, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:41 and SEQ ID NO:42.

4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said at least one antigen is an equine Interleukin-31 antigen (eIL-31 antigen), wherein said protein with an amino acid sequence of at least 90% amino acid sequence identity with SEQ ID NO:12 is selected from SEQ ID NO:14, SEQ ID NO:43, SEQ ID NO:44, SEQ ID NO:45, SEQ ID NO:46.

5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said core particle is a virus-like particle (VLP).

6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein said VLP is derived from a plant virus or is a VLP of an RNA bacteriophage.

7. The composition of claim 5 , wherein said VLP is a VLP of RNA bacteriophage Qβ, wherein said VLP of RNA bacteriophage Qβ comprises recombinant coat proteins comprising SEQ ID NO:31.

8. The composition of claim 5 , wherein said VLP is a modified VLP comprising at least one modified VLP polypeptide, wherein said modified VLP polypeptide comprises:

(a) a VLP polypeptide, and

(b) a T helper cell epitope,

wherein said VLP polypeptide comprises

(i) an amino acid sequence of a coat protein of a virus; or

(ii) a mutated amino acid sequence, wherein said mutated amino acid sequence has sequence identity of at least 90% to said coat protein of a virus.

9. The composition of claim 5 , wherein said VLP is a modified VLP of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), wherein said modified VLP of CMV comprises at least one modified CMV polypeptide, wherein said modified CMV polypeptide comprises:

(a) a CMV polypeptide, and

(b) a T helper cell epitope; and

wherein said CMV polypeptide comprises

(ii) an amino acid sequence of a coat protein of CMV; or

(ii) a mutated amino acid sequence, wherein said mutated amino acid sequence has a sequence identity of at least 90% to said coat protein of CMV.

10. The composition of claim 9 , wherein said T helper cell epitope replaces a N-terminal region of said CMV polypeptide, and wherein said N-terminal region of said CMV polypeptide is amino acids 2-12 of SEQ ID NO:15.

11. The composition of claim 9 , wherein said CMV polypeptide comprises an amino acid sequence of a coat protein of CMV, wherein said amino acid sequence comprises SEQ ID NO:15 or an amino acid sequence having a sequence identity of at least 95% to SEQ ID NO:15; and wherein said CMV polypeptide comprises an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:34, and wherein said T helper cell epitope replaces the N-terminal region of said CMV polypeptide, and wherein said replaced N-terminal region of said CMV polypeptide consists of 11 to 13 consecutive amino acids.

12. The composition of claim 9 , wherein said modified CMV polypeptide comprises an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:20 or SEQ ID NO:21.

13. A pharmaceutical composition comprising:

(a) the composition of claim 1 ; and

(b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

14. A method of treatment of insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) of an equine mammal, wherein an effective amount of said composition of claim 1 or a pharmaceutical composition thereof is administered to said equine mammal.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein said administration of said composition reduces at least one IBH parameter or symptom as compared to said at least one IBH parameter or symptom before said administration.

16. The composition of claim 5 , wherein said core particle is a recombinant virus-like particle (VLP).

17. The composition of claim 8 , wherein said VLP polypeptide comprises an amino acid sequence of a coat protein of a plant virus.

18. The composition of claim 11 , wherein said replaced N-terminal region of said CMV polypeptide consists of 11 consecutive amino acids.

19. The composition of claim 18 , wherein said N-terminal region of said CMV polypeptide is amino acids 2-12 of SEQ ID NO:15.

20. The method of claim 15 , wherein said at least one IBH parameter or symptom is the level or severity grade of skin lesions as determined by a symptom lesion scoring test.

21. A method of vaccinating against IBH of an equine mammal, wherein an effective amount of the composition of claim 1 or a pharmaceutical composition thereof is administered to said equine mammal.

22. A method of immunization, wherein an effective amount of the composition of claim 1 or a pharmaceutical composition thereof is administered to an equine mammal.