Water-activated mucoadhesive compositions to reduce intestinal absorption of nutrients
This disclosure relates to compositions including formulated sucralfate or other aluminum-crosslinked sulfated agents for delivery of agents to biological surfaces and/or the modulation of nutrient absorption through the intestinal lining as well as methods for the manufacture of and the use of these compositions for treating disorders including diabetes type II and clinical obesity that require a modulation of certain nutrients to the body.
1. A dehydrated acid-pretreated composition comprising particles comprising one or more aluminum cross-linked sulfated agents, wherein the composition has an aluminum content of less than 15.5% and can form a paste following contact with an aqueous liquid in the absence of acid, wherein the composition has the following chemical structure:
C 12 H 30 Al 8 S 8 ·( x−n )Al(OH) 3 .—[Al—(OH) i ] m - z H 2 O
wherein x is less than or equal to 8;
0< n<x;
m is greater than or equal to 2;
i=1, 2, or 3; and
z< 3( x−n )+(6− i ) m.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a complex coacervate comprising a complex of two or more oppositely charged agents where one agent is a sulfated agent.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more sulfated agents are selected from the group consisting of sucralfate, sulfated dextran, sulfated dextrin, sulfated amylopectin, sulfated amylose, sulfated cellulose, carrageenan, chondroitin sulfate, glucose sulfate, sucrose sulfate, heparin, heparin sulfate, and raffinose sulfate.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the sulfated agent comprises sucralfate.
5. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a non-aqueous liquid carrier.
6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the composition has a viscosity in the range of 1 to 1000 Pa·s, regardless of the pH of the liquid.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises particles ranging in size from about 0.1 to about 500 microns.
8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein when hydrated, the composition forms a barrier that when prepared at a concentration of 10 mg/ml and applied to a 1 cm 2 surface area cellulose nitrate filter with 0.45 micron holes in a Franz diffusion chamber device exhibits less than 60% permeation of glucose 5 minutes after addition of a 120 g/L glucose solution to a top chamber of the Franz diffusion chamber device.
9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition releases less than about 2.0 weight/weight percent of its original aluminum content in the presence of an aqueous liquid.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition releases less than 0.5% aluminum by weight in the presence of an aqueous liquid and when administered to a subject forms an effective nutrient barrier in the gastrointestinal tract.
11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the particles are further cross-linked to an antimicrobial agent.
12. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a biologically active substance.
13. The composition of claim 12 , wherein the biologically active substance comprises any one or more of enzymes, receptors, neurotransmitters, hormones, cytokines, cell response modifiers, antibodies, vaccines, haptens, toxins, interferons, ribozymes, anti-sense agents, plasmids, DNA, and RNA.
14. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the average number of aluminum ions per molecule in the composition is less than 40.
15. A method of modulating nutritional absorption in a subject having a disorder in need of such treatment, the method comprising
selecting a subject suffering from a disorder requiring modulation of nutritional absorption; and
administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a composition of claim 1 .
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the disorder is type II diabetes or obesity.