Cell culture
Aspects of the present invention relate to apparatus for use in cell and tissue culture techniques. Particularly, although not exclusively, embodiments of the present invention relate to apparatus which contribute to providing a dynamic cell culture environment. Also disclosed herein are methods for culturing cells and/or tissues, together with in vitro methods of testing drug efficacy as well as other subject matter.
1. A multi-well plate apparatus for providing bi-directional fluid flow for culturing cells within the plate apparatus, comprising:
a holder body;
a holder body support;
at least one drive element arranged to rock a holder body supported via the support to thereby repeatedly raise and lower spaced apart ends of the holder body, wherein the apparatus for providing bi-directional fluid flow is configured to repeatedly rock the holder body; and
wherein the holder body comprises a plurality of pairs of adjacent chambers, each pair of adjacent chambers comprising:
a first chamber containing a first base element;
a second chamber containing a second base element; and
a channel extending between the interior of the first chamber and the interior of the second chamber; and
a plurality of insert elements, each disposed within an individual chamber;
wherein:
each channel permits bi-directional fluid flow between only the first chamber and the second chamber of each pair of adjacent chambers;
each chamber is directly connected to the only one channel;
the width of each channel is 1.5 mm-3.5 mm; and
the height of each channel extends between a top surface of the holder body and the first and second base elements;
wherein the apparatus is configured to enable bi-directional fluid flow between the first chamber and the second chamber at a rate of between about 15 to about 20 μl per second.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the volume of each pair of adjacent chambers, including the channel, is between 0.5 mL and 8 mL.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each chamber comprises at least one side wall element.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein each channel extends between a base or side wall of the first chamber to a base or side wall of the second chamber of each pair of adjacent chambers.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each insert element further comprises a plurality of radially extending flanges which contact and rest on a top surface of the holder body, supporting the insert element within a chamber.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the flanges position the insert element within a chamber such that is does not contact a side wall or base of the chamber.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each insert element is configured to support a cell scaffold element comprising a porous lower surface membrane, wherein the average diameter of the ports is 8 μm-150 μm.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one drive element is configured to rock the holder body at a speed of approximately 1 minute-20 minutes per complete rocking motion.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:
(a) the holder body comprises at least six pairs of adjacent chambers;
(b) the holder body further comprises an outer perimeter wall element, wherein the outer perimeter wall element comprises an inwardly stepped portion configured to allow a plurality of holder bodies to be vertically stacked;
(c) the apparatus further comprises a lid element which is removably positionable over the holder body, the lid element providing a substantially planar cover extending over the plurality of chambers; or
(d) the pairs of adjacent chambers are arranged in rows and columns in a respective orthogonal relationship within the holder body.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein each respective chamber of the plurality of chambers has a depth of 16 mm-19 mm.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:
each insert element further comprises a lower surface; and
the lower surface of each insert element is positioned such that there is a space defined between the lower surface of each insert element and the base element of the chamber into which each insert element is disposed.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one drive element is configured to enable bi-directional fluid flow between the first chamber and the second chamber at a rate of between about 15 to about 20 μl per second.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each channel is a through passageway configured to provide a fluid communication pathway between the interior of the first chamber and the interior of the second chamber.