Diamond based current aperture vertical transistor and methods of making and using the same
A semiconductor structure, device, or vertical field effect transistor is comprised of a drain, a drift layer disposed in a first direction relative to the drain and in electronic communication with the drain, a barrier layer disposed in the first direction relative to the drift layer and in electronic communication with the drain, the barrier layer comprising a current blocking layer and an aperture region, a two-dimensional hole gas-containing layer disposed in the first direction relative to the barrier layer, a gate electrode oriented to alter an energy level of the aperture region when a gate voltage is applied to the gate electrode, and a source in ohmic contact with the two-dimensional hole gas-containing layer. At least one of an additional layer, the drain, the drift region, the current blocking layer, the two-dimensional hole gas-containing layer, and the aperture region comprises diamond.
1. A vertical field effect transistor comprising:
a drain;
a drift layer disposed in a first direction relative to the drain and in electronic communication with the drain;
a current blocking layer disposed in the first direction relative to the drift layer and in electronic communication with the drain, the current blocking layer comprising a barrier material region and an aperture region;
a two-dimensional hole gas-containing layer disposed in the first direction relative to the current blocking layer;
a gate electrode oriented to alter an energy level of the aperture region when a gate voltage is applied to the gate electrode; and
a source in ohmic contact with the two-dimensional hole gas-containing layer;
wherein at least one of the drain, the drift layer, and the two-dimensional hole gas-containing layer comprises diamond; and
wherein the barrier material region comprises insulating diamond material, and the aperture region comprises conductive diamond material.
2. The vertical field effect transistor of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the barrier material region and the aperture region is formed by doping, implantation, regrowth, or heteroepitaxy.
3. The vertical field effect transistor of claim 1 , further comprising a p-type delta doped channel disposed between the gate electrode and the two-dimensional hole gas-containing layer.
4. The vertical field effect transistor of claim 1 , wherein the insulating diamond material of the barrier material region is rendered insulating by exposure to ultraviolet-ozone or oxygen plasma.
5. The vertical field effect transistor of claim 1 , wherein the insulating diamond material of the barrier material region contains activated oxygen.
6. The vertical field effect transistor of claim 1 , wherein the two-dimensional hole gas-containing layer comprises hydrogen-terminated diamond.
7. The vertical field effect transistor of claim 1 , further comprising a dielectric layer positioned to provide electrical insulation between the gate electrode and the two-dimensional hole gas-containing layer.
8. The vertical field effect transistor of claim 1 , further comprising a substrate layer, wherein the drift layer is disposed in the first direction relative to the substrate layer.
9. The vertical field effect transistor of claim 8 , wherein the substrate layer comprises a non-conducting type IIa single crystal diamond substrate layer.
10. The vertical field effect transistor of claim 8 , further comprising a current spreading layer arranged between the drift layer and the substrate.
11. The vertical field effect transistor of claim 10 , wherein the drain comprises at least one drain contact formed on the current spreading layer.
12. The vertical field effect transistor of claim 11 , wherein at least a portion of the current spreading layer is wider than the drift layer, and the least one drain contact is spaced apart from the drift layer.
13. The vertical field effect transistor of claim 1 , wherein at least two of the drain, the drift layer, and the two-dimensional hole gas-containing layer comprises diamond.
14. The vertical field effect transistor of claim 1 , wherein each of the drain, the drift layer, and the two-dimensional hole gas-containing layer comprises diamond.