Low permeation fuel hose
Low permeation fuel hose is provided comprising an outer cover layer prepared from a composition comprising a polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a thermoplastic copolyester elastomer and, optionally, a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), wherein the hose exhibits improved low and high temperature performance compared to conventional fuel hoses having an outer layer consisting of industrial grade PVC.
1. A fuel hose comprising
a fuel hose body comprising a multiplicity of layers including an outer cover layer formed from a composition comprising
5-75 wt % of a thermoplastic copolyester elastomer;
25-95 wt % of a polyvinyl chloride (PVC); and
5-35 wt % of a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU),
wherein the fuel hose is capable of meeting the performance requirements according to SAE J1527-B1, and exhibits the ability to self-extinguish flames in not more than an average of 60 seconds, and wherein the fuel hose exhibits a minimum bend radius of 1.5″ in the SAEJ1527-B1 cold flex test.
2. The fuel hose according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel hose is capable of exceeding the performance requirements of SAE J1527-B1.
3. The fuel hose according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel hose does not exceed a permeation rating of 15 g or less of fuel loss per square meter of interior surface area in 24 hours, 15 g/m2/24 h, with CE 10 fuel at 23° C. as specified in SAE J1527-B1.
4. The fuel hose according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel hose exceeds the criteria of the flammability test according to SAE J1527-B1, and exhibits the ability to self-extinguish flames in not more than an average of 30 seconds.
5. The fuel hose according to claim 1 , wherein the hose body comprises reinforcement.
6. The fuel hose according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel hose has a multi-layer construction, wherein the hose body comprises
an inner tube layer prepared from a composition comprising polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF);
a tie layer prepared from a composition comprising TPU;
an outer core tube layer prepared from a composition comprising TPU,
a reinforcement layer comprising a woven polyester fiber, and
the outer cover layer.
7. The fuel hose according to claim 1 , wherein the outer cover layer is formed by extrusion and the composition comprises about 10-60 wt % by weight copolyester, 45-85 wt % PVC, and 10-30 wt % TPU.
8. The fuel hose according to claim 7 , wherein the composition comprises about 10-20 wt % by weight copolyester, 60-70 wt % PVC, and 15-25 wt % TPU.
9. The fuel hose according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is a blend, alloy or copolymer.
10. The fuel hose according to claim 1 , comprising an inner tube layer, a tie layer, an outer core tube layer, a reinforcement layer, and an outer cover layer, wherein
the outer cover layer is prepared from the composition comprising the thermoplastic copolyester elastomer; polyvinyl chloride (PVC); and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).
11. The fuel hose according to claim 10 , wherein the inner tube layer is prepared from a composition comprising a thermoplastic fluoropolymer.
12. The fuel hose according to claim 11 , wherein the thermoplastic fluoropolymer is polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF).
13. The fuel hose according to claim 10 , wherein the tie layer is prepared from a composition comprising TPU.
14. The fuel hose according to claim 10 , wherein the outer core tube layer is prepared from a composition comprising TPU.
15. The fuel hose according to claim 10 , wherein the reinforcement layer is a woven polyester fiber.
16. The fuel hose according to claim 10 , wherein the fuel hose meets performance requirements specified in SAE J1527-B1 selected from the group consisting of flammability test, burst test, vacuum collapse test, cold flex Test, Tensile and Elongation Test, Dry Heat Resistance test, Oil Resistance test, Fuel Resistance test, Ozone Resistance test, Adhesion test-Cover to Core, Adhesion test-Liner to Outer Core, and Permeation test.
17. The fuel hose of claim 16 , wherein the hose passes one or more tests selected from the group consisting of
passes the cold flex test according to SAE J1527-B1 after freezing at −40° C. for 5 hours, then bending around mandrel with 3.0 in diameter wherein hose does not fracture, crack, check or break;
passes the burst test according to SAE J1527-B1 when tested under operating pressure 13.8 bar (200 psi), and minimum burst pressure 55.2 bar (800 psi);
passes the dry heat resistance test according to SAE J1527-B1 and exhibits minimum 201% ultimate elongation after dry heat aging for 70 hours minimum at 100° C.±2° C. (212° F.±3.6° F.); and
passes the adhesion test according to SAE J1527 Section 14.0 after aging samples 4 weeks at 70% RH and 120° F. for cover to core adhesion wherein the minimum load to separate cover at room temperature per ASTM D 413 is 6 lbf/inch.
18. A fuel hose comprising
a fuel hose body comprising
an outer core tube layer prepared from a composition comprising
a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU); and
an outer cover layer formed from a composition comprising
5-75 wt % of a thermoplastic copolyester elastomer; and
25-95 wt % of a polyvinyl chloride (PVC), wherein
the hose passes the adhesion test according to SAE J1527 Section 14.0 after aging samples for at least 4 weeks at 70% RH and 120° F. for cover to core adhesion wherein the minimum load to separate cover at room temperature per ASTM D 413 is 6 lbf/inch.
19. The fuel hose of claim 18 , comprising
an inner tube layer;
a tie layer;
the outer core tube layer;
a reinforcement layer; and
the outer cover layer.
20. The fuel hose of claim 19 , wherein the tie layer is formed from a composition comprising a TPU.
21. The fuel hose of claim 19 , wherein the outer cover layer is prepared from a composition comprising the PVC and the thermoplastic copolyester elastomer in a wt ratio of 45-55 wt % PVC and 45-55 wt % copolyester.
22. The fuel hose of claim 19 , wherein the outer cover layer is prepared from a composition without a polyurethane.
23. The fuel hose of claim 19 , wherein the inner tube layer is prepared from a composition comprising a thermoplastic fluoropolymer.
24. The fuel hose of claim 19 , wherein the tie layer is prepared from a composition comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).
25. The fuel hose of claim 19 , wherein the hose passes one or more tests selected from the group consisting of
passes the adhesion test according to SAE J1527 Section 14.0 after aging samples for at least 3 weeks when submerged in water for cover to core adhesion wherein the minimum load to separate cover at room temperature per ASTM D 413 is 6 lbf/inch;
passes the cold flex test according to SAE J1527 Section 9.0 after low temperature exposure at −20° C. for at least 5 hours; and
passes the high temperature collapse test according to SAE J844 after aging 24 hours at an elevated temperature of at least 71° C.
26. The fuel hose of claim 18 , wherein the outer cover layer is prepared from the composition as a blend, alloy or copolymer.
27. The fuel hose of claim 18 , wherein the thermoplastic fluoropolymer is a polyvinylidine difluoride (PVDF).
28. The fuel hose of claim 18 , wherein the reinforcement layer comprises woven polyester fiber.