Hydrostatic bearing assembly for an x-ray tube
A hydrostatic bearing assembly or structure for an x-ray tube and associated process for manufacturing and operating the bearing assembly is provided to reduce and potentially eliminate wear from landing or takeoff of the rotating component of the bearing assembly on the non-rotating component. The shaft and sleeve are separated by a gap in which an amount of a liquid metal is placed in order to provide the sleeve with the ability to rotate about the shaft, or vice versa. The non-rotating component of the hydrostatic bearing assembly is formed with a number of fluid channels extending through the component and in communication with the gap. The liquid metal is pumped into and out of the gap via the channels under pressure supplied by a magnetohydrodynamic pump to maintain the separation of the rotating and non-rotating components of the bearing assembly.
1. A bearing assembly for an x-ray tube, the bearing assembly comprising:
a shaft including a thrust flange and a number of supply lines and a number of return lines formed within the shaft;
a sleeve rotatably disposed around the shaft and including a radial cavity disposed around the thrust flange, the sleeve defining a gap between the sleeve and the shaft; and
a pump connected to the number of supply lines and to the number of return lines, wherein the pump supplies pressurized fluid through the shaft to the gap to prevent contact of the sleeve with the shaft.
2. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the pressurized fluid is an electrically conductive fluid.
3. The bearing assembly of claim 2 , wherein the electrically conductive fluid is a liquid metal.
4. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the pump employs a Lorentz force to pressurize the fluid.
5. The bearing assembly of claim 4 , wherein the pump is a magnetohydrodynamic pump.
6. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a manifold disposed around the shaft and operably connected between the number of supply lines and the number of return lines within the shaft and the pump.
7. The bearing assembly of claim 6 , wherein the number of supply lines each comprise:
a supply inlet adjacent the manifold; and
at least one supply outlet adjacent the gap.
8. The bearing assembly of claim 7 , wherein the at least one supply outlet comprises:
a journal bearing supply port; and
a thrust bearing supply port.
9. The bearing assembly of claim 6 , wherein the number of return lines each comprise:
a return outlet adjacent the manifold; and
at least one return inlet adjacent the gap.
10. The bearing assembly of claim 9 , wherein the at least one return inlet comprises a journal bearing return port.
11. An x-ray tube comprising:
a cathode assembly; and
an anode assembly spaced from the cathode assembly, wherein the anode assembly comprises:
a shaft rotatably including a thrust flange and a number of supply lines and a number of return lines formed within the shaft;
a sleeve rotatably disposed around the shaft and including a radial cavity disposed around the thrust flange, the sleeve defining a gap between the sleeve and the shaft;
a lubricant disposed in the gap between the shaft and the sleeve;
a pump connected to the number of supply lines and to the number of return lines, wherein the pump pressurizes and directs the lubricant through the shaft to the gap to prevent contact of the sleeve with the shaft; and
an anode target operably connected to the sleeve.
12. The x-ray tube of claim 11 , wherein the pump is a magnetohydrodynamic pump.
13. The x-ray tube of claim 11 , wherein the pump is disposed within a frame for the x-ray tube.
14. The x-ray tube of claim 13 , wherein the pump includes a heat exchanger positioned in contact with a cooling medium disposed around the exterior of the frame.
15. The x-ray tube of claim 13 , further comprising a heat shield disposed between the pump and the anode target.
16. The x-ray tube of claim 11 , wherein the lubricant is an electrically conductive lubricant.
17. A method for reducing wear on a bearing assembly within an x-ray tube, the method comprising the steps of:
providing an x-ray tube comprising:
a cathode assembly; and
an anode assembly spaced from the cathode assembly, wherein the anode assembly comprises:
a shaft rotatably including a thrust flange and a number of supply lines and a number of return lines formed within the shaft;
a sleeve rotatably disposed around the shaft and including a radial cavity disposed around the thrust flange, the sleeve defining a gap between the sleeve and the shaft;
a lubricant disposed in the gap between the shaft and the sleeve;
a pump connected to the number of supply lines and to the number of return lines, wherein the pump pressurizes and directs the lubricant through the shaft to the gap to prevent contact of the sleeve with the shaft; and
an anode target operably connected to the sleeve; and
operating the pump to pressurize and direct the lubricant along the number of supply lines into the gap between the shaft and the sleeve.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the pump is a magnetohydrodynamic pump and the step of operating the pump comprises:
passing a current through the lubricant passing through the pump; and
directing the lubricant through an electromagnetic field to create a Lorentz force acting on the lubricant passing through the pump.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the step of operating the pump comprises continuously operating the pump while the sleeve is rotating with respect to the shaft.
20. The method of claim 17 , wherein the step of operating the pump comprises continuously operating the pump while the sleeve is not rotating with respect to the shaft.