Apparatus, system, and method for separating vehicle door in emergency

1. An apparatus for separating a vehicle door from a vehicle body in an emergency, the apparatus being mounted to a hinge, which includes a hinge base mounted to the vehicle body, a hinge bracket mounted to a side of the vehicle door and mounted on the hinge base, and a hinge bolt mounted through the hinge base and the hinge bracket, and which allows the vehicle door to be rotatable relative to the vehicle body, the hinge bracket being configured to be separated from the hinge base in the emergency, the apparatus comprising:

a breaking member provided in the hinge bolt to break the hinge bolt when a signal to break the hinge bolt is input to the breaking member; and

a hinge bolt removal device mounted to the hinge and configured to remove the broken hinge bolt from the hinge base and the hinge bracket when the hinge bolt is broken according to the signal.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the breaking member is an explosive charged into the hinge bolt.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein

the explosive is mounted into a body of the hinge bolt; and

a detonator for detonating the explosive is provided in a head of the hinge bolt, wherein the single to break the hinge bolt is configured to be input to the detonator.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the body of the hinge bolt has a breaking groove formed along a circumference of the body of the hinge bolt, and the breaking groove has a predetermined width and depth along the circumference of the body of the hinge bolt.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 ,

wherein the breaking groove is positioned the body of the hinge bolt adjacent to a boundary between the hinge base and the hinge bracket when the hinge bolt is mounted through the hinge base and the hinge bracket.

6. The apparatus of claim 4 ,

wherein the boundary is positioned adjacent to the head of the hinge bolt, and

wherein the breaking groove is formed in a portion of the body adjacent to the head in the boundary between the hinge base and the hinge bracket.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the hinge bolt removal device is mounted to the hinge to elastically bias the hinge bolt in a first direction opposite to a second direction in which a head of the hinge bolt is mounted, so that the hinge bolt removal device removes a body of the hinge bolt from the hinge base and the hinge bracket when the hinge bolt is broken according to the signal.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the hinge bolt removal device includes:

a sleeve having a space defined to accommodate the body therein, a first end portion of the sleeve being fastened to the hinge base;

a fastening bolt mounted at the first end portion of the sleeve and fastened to the hinge bolt;

a fixed nut fixed at a second end portion of the sleeve; and

an elastic member, wherein each of first and second end portions of the elastic member is connected to the fastening bolt and the fixed nut, respectively and the elastic member is configured to elastically bias tire fastening bolt toward the fixed nut.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the fixed nut is screwed to an internal peripheral surface of the sleeve at the second end portion of the sleeve.

10. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the fixed nut is initially disposed adjacent to the fastening bolt, and the fixed nut elastically supports the fastening bolt toward the fixed nut while rotating in the sleeve to be disposed adjacent to the second end portion of the sleeve in an assembly process.

11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle door is configured to be vertically opened from or closed to the vehicle body so that the vehicle door is opened upward from the vehicle body when the vehicle door is to be opened.