Low charge packaged ammonia refrigeration system with evaporative condenser
A packaged, pumped liquid, evaporative-condensing recirculating ammonia refrigeration system with charges of 10 lbs or less of refrigerant per ton of refrigeration capacity. The compressor and related components are situated inside the plenum of a standard evaporative condenser unit, and the evaporator is close coupled to the evaporative condenser. Single or dual phase cyclonic separators may also be housed in the plenum of the evaporative condenser.
1. A refrigeration system comprising:
a refrigerant evaporator coil,
a vapor/liquid separation structure connected to an outlet of said refrigerant evaporator coil via refrigerant line configured to separate low pressure refrigerant vapor from low pressure refrigerant liquid;
a refrigerant compressor connected to an outlet of said vapor/liquid separation structure via refrigerant line and configured to compress refrigerant vapor from said vapor/liquid separation structure;
an evaporative refrigerant condenser connected to an outlet of said refrigerant compressor via refrigerant line and configured to condense refrigerant vapor produced in said refrigerant compressor to refrigerant liquid,
a high pressure-side expansion device connected to an outlet of said evaporative refrigerant condenser via refrigerant line and configured to reduce pressure of refrigerant liquid received from said evaporative refrigerant condenser;
a collection vessel connected to an outlet of said high pressure-side expansion device via refrigerant line for receiving refrigerant liquid from said high pressure-side expansion device;
a low pressure-side expansion device connected to an outlet of said collection vessel via refrigerant line and configured to reduce pressure of refrigerant liquid received from said collection vessel;
refrigerant line connecting an outlet of said low pressure-side expansion device to an inlet of said vapor/liquid separation structure and configured to deliver refrigerant liquid to said vapor/liquid separation structure;
said vapor/liquid separation structure having a liquid outlet that is connected via refrigerant line to an inlet of said refrigerant evaporator coil;
wherein said vapor/liquid separation structure, said refrigerant compressor, said high pressure side expansion device, said collection vessel, and said low pressure side expansion device are situated inside a plenum of said evaporative refrigerant condenser; and wherein said refrigerant is ammonia.
2. A refrigeration system according to claim 1 , wherein said vapor/liquid separation structure comprises a cyclonic separator.
3. A refrigeration system according to claim 1 , wherein said vapor/liquid separation structure comprises a recirculator vessel.
4. A refrigeration system according to claim 1 , wherein said collection vessel comprises a cyclonic separator.
5. A refrigeration system according to claim 1 , wherein said collection vessel comprises an economizer.
6. A refrigeration system according to claim 1 , wherein said evaporative refrigerant condenser comprises a microchannel heat exchanger.
7. A refrigeration system according to claim 1 , further comprising a liquid to vapor mass ratio sensor situated inside refrigerant line connecting said refrigerant evaporator coil and said vapor/liquid separation structure.
8. A refrigeration system according to claim 1 , further comprising a liquid to vapor mass ratio sensor situated inside refrigerant line connecting said vapor/liquid separation structure and said refrigerant compressor.
9. A refrigeration system according to claim 1 , further comprising an oil separator vessel configured to separate compressor oil from refrigerant vapor received from said refrigerant compressor.