Power transducer for a retinal implant using using a contact lens
Apparatus, systems and methods employing contact lens as power source for powering a retinal implant are provided. In an aspect, a contact lens includes a substrate that forms at least part of a body of the contact lens and a circuit disposed on or within the substrate comprising. The circuit includes a power harvesting component configured to receive energy in a first form from an external power source and convert the energy from the first form to a second form and an energy transfer component configured to transmit the energy in the second form to device remote from the contact lens when the contact lens is worn over an eye.
1. A method comprising:
receiving from a first power source a first form of power at a power harvesting circuit disposed within a contact lens worn over an eye, the first power source being external to the contact lens;
converting the first form of power to electromagnetic power using a transducer element of the power harvesting circuit, the transducer element being at least one of a solar power cell, a micro-electro-mechanical system, a radio frequency (RF) receiver, or an induction coil;
wirelessly transmitting the electromagnetic power from an energy transfer circuit disposed within the contact lens to a receiver in a self-contained device remote from the contact lens, the energy transfer circuit being operatively coupled to the power harvesting circuit and being configured for wireless transmission of power from the contact lens to the self-contained device, the energy transfer circuit comprising one or more wireless transfer elements, each of the wireless transfer elements being one of an RF transmitter, an induction coil for direct or resonant inductive energy transfer, or an RF power amplifier; and
powering the self-contained device with the electromagnetic power received by the receiver.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the self-contained device is an implant configured to be integrated on or within part of the eye.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein converting comprises converting the power in the first form to radio frequency power,
and wherein the transmitting comprises transmitting the radio frequency power to the self-contained device using a radio frequency antenna disposed on or within the contact lens.
4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising amplifying the radio frequency power prior to transmitting.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inductive energy transfer uses a predetermined resonance frequency.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein receiving comprises receiving light energy at one or more solar power cells disposed on or within the contact lens,
wherein converting includes converting the light energy to radio frequency energy,
and wherein transmitting includes transmitting the radio frequency energy to the self-contained device.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the energy transfer circuit includes a primary induction component configured to resonate at a predetermined frequency,
and wherein transmitting comprises transmitting the power using inductive coupling.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein receiving comprises receiving mechanical energy generated in response to eye or eyelid movement,
wherein converting comprises converting the mechanical energy to radio frequency energy,
and wherein transmitting includes transmitting the radio frequency energy to the self-contained device.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein receiving comprises receiving thermal energy,
wherein converting comprises converting the thermal energy to radio frequency energy,
and wherein transmitting includes transmitting the radio frequency energy to the self-contained device.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein receiving comprises receiving chemical energy,
wherein converting comprises converting the chemical energy to radio frequency energy,
and wherein transmitting includes transmitting the radio frequency energy to the self-contained device.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein receiving comprises receiving acoustic energy,
wherein converting comprises converting the acoustic energy to radio frequency energy,
and wherein transmitting includes transmitting the radio frequency energy to the self-contained device.