Low-power biasing networks for superconducting integrated circuits
A superconducting integrated circuit, comprising a plurality of superconducting circuit elements, each having a variation in operating voltage over time; a common power line; and a plurality of bias circuits, each connected to the common power line, and to a respective superconducting circuit element, wherein each respective bias circuit is superconducting during at least one time portion of the operation of a respective superconducting circuit element, and is configured to supply the variation in operating voltage over time to the respective superconducting circuit element.
1. A circuit, comprising:
a current distribution network, configured to distribute parallel flows of current to a plurality of branches;
a plurality of bias elements, comprising at least one respective bias element associated with each branch, each respective bias element comprising a Josephson junction and a series inductance, and each bias element being configured to provide a current bias and to critically damp the Josephson junction of the respective branch;
the series inductance of each bias element having a respective inductance such that the respective bias current is inversely proportional to the respective inductance over a range of operation.
2. The circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of bias elements are configured to produce different operating voltages of different branches.
3. The circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of bias elements are configured to produce different bias currents of different branches.
4. The circuit according to claim 1 , wherein at least one branch comprises the respective bias element having the Josephson junction connected to a ground.
5. The circuit according to claim 1 , wherein at least one branch comprises a Josephson transmission line (JTL).
6. The circuit according to claim 1 , wherein at least one branch comprises a superconducting flip flop.
7. The circuit according to claim 1 , wherein at least one branch comprises a superconducting toggle flip-flop (TFF).
8. The circuit according to claim 1 , wherein at least one branch comprises a single flux quantum logic element.
9. The circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the series inductance is produced by a superconducting inductor.
10. The circuit according to claim 1 , wherein at least one respective bias element functions as a current limiter.
11. The circuit according to claim 1 , at least one branch comprises a Josephson junction substantially without any parallel shunt resistance.
12. The circuit according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of a respective maximum average DC voltage to bias current of a first respective bias element differs from a ratio of a respective maximum average DC voltage to bias current of a second respective bias element.
13. A circuit biasing method, comprising:
distributing a current through a plurality of parallel circuit branches with a current distribution network;
biasing each respective parallel circuit branch with a respective bias current from the current distribution network, dependent on a respective first Josephson junction and a series inductance effective for critically damping the respective first Josephson junction;
operating each circuit branch with the respective bias current, for operating a second Josephson junction in the respective circuit branch substantially without a shunt damping impedance.
14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the respective bias current of a circuit branch is inversely proportional to a respective series inductance over a range of operation.
15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein a respective circuit branch comprises a single flux quantum logic circuit, further comprising communicating an output of the single flux quantum logic circuit.
16. The method according to claim 13 , wherein a first circuit branch has a different respective average operating voltage and average operating current than at least one second circuit branch.
17. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the respective bias circuit for each respective circuit branch operates as a current limiter.
18. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the series inductance of at least one circuit branch is achieved with a superconducting inductor.
19. The method according to claim 13 , further comprising turning on and off at least one circuit branch such that it selectively operates when turned on.
20. A superconducting integrated circuit, comprising:
a plurality of superconducting circuit elements each receiving an operating current in parallel;
each superconducting circuit element comprising at least one first Josephson junction logic element;
each superconducting circuit element having an associated bias element comprising at least one second Josephson junction, configured to:
bias the at least one first Josephson junction below a critical current with critical damping, and
dynamically bias the respective superconducting circuit element while having a dynamic bias state substantially isolated from a dynamic bias state for each of the other superconducting circuit elements.