Electrolyte formulations for lithium ion batteries
Electrolyte solutions including additives or combinations of additives that provide low temperature performance and high temperature stability in lithium ion battery cells.
1. A method of making a rechargeable battery, comprising:
arranging a cathode, a separator, and an anode in a battery cell, wherein the cathode and anode are each comprised of host materials capable of intercalation and de-intercalation of lithium ions;
adding an electrolyte formulation to the battery cell, wherein the electrolyte formulation comprises a lithium salt, an organic solvent, a first additive comprising bis(trimethylene)diborate, and a second additive comprising 4-nitrophenyl 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl carbonate; and
forming a solid-electrolyte interphase layer on the anode.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising lithium bis(oxalato)borate as a third additive.
3. The method of claim 1 further comprising cesium nitrate as a third additive.
4. The method of claim 1 further comprising maleic anhydride as a third additive.
5. The method of claim 1 further comprising tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphate as a third additive.
6. The method of claim 1 further comprising trimethylsilyl polyphosphate as a third additive.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the 4-nitrophenyl 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl carbonate is about 0.5 wt. % relative to a total weight of the electrolyte formulation.
8. A method of making a rechargeable battery, comprising:
arranging a cathode, a separator, and an anode in a battery cell, wherein the cathode and anode are each comprised of host materials capable of intercalation and de-intercalation of lithium ions;
adding an electrolyte formulation to the battery cell, wherein the electrolyte formulation comprises a lithium salt, an organic solvent, a first additive comprising one or more of tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)borate, bis(neopentylglycolato)diboron, or bis(trimethylene)diborate, and a second additive comprising 4-nitrophenyl 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl carbonate; and
forming a solid-electrolyte interphase layer on the anode.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the first additive comprises bis(trimethylene)diborate.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the first additive comprises tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)borate.
11. A method of making a rechargeable battery, comprising:
arranging a cathode, a separator, and an anode in a battery cell, wherein the cathode and anode are each comprised of host materials capable of intercalation and de-intercalation of lithium ions;
adding an electrolyte formulation to the battery cell, wherein the electrolyte formulation comprises a lithium salt, an organic solvent, a first additive comprising 4-nitrophenyl 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl carbonate, and a second additive compris ing
tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)borate; and
forming a solid-electrolyte interphase layer on the anode.
12. The method of claim 11 further comprising lithium bis(oxalato)borate as a third additive.
13. The method of claim 11 further comprising cesium nitrate as a third additive.
14. The method of claim 11 further comprising maleic anhydride as a third additive.
15. The method of claim 11 further comprising tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphate as a third additive.
16. The method of claim 11 further comprising trimethylsilyl polyphosphate as a third additive.
17. The method of claim 11 , wherein a concentration of the 4-nitrophenyl 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl carbonate is about 0.5 wt. % relative to a total weight of the electrolyte formulation.