Power efficient detection of watermarks in media signals
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture (e.g., physical storage media) to implement power efficient detection of watermarks in media signals are disclosed. Example metering apparatus disclosed herein include detector means for detecting watermarks in a media signal. Disclosed example metering apparatus also include controller means for operating the detector means to (1) detect a first watermark in the media signal, and (2) cycle between sleep intervals and active intervals to detect a second watermark at a second location in the media signal relative to a first location of the first watermark in the media signal after the first watermark has been verified.
1. A metering apparatus comprising:
detector means for detecting watermarks in a media signal; and
controller means for operating the detector means to (1) detect a first watermark in the media signal, and (2) cycle between sleep intervals and active intervals based on a repetition rate of the watermarks in the media signal to perform a detection operation for a second watermark at a second location in the media signal relative to a first location of the first watermark in the media signal, the controller means to cycle the detector means between the sleep intervals and the active intervals in response to the first watermark being verified, the controller means to search a buffer of prior detected watermark symbols to detect a third watermark at a third location prior to the second location in the media signal in response to the second watermark not being detected at the second location in the media signal.
2. The metering apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller means is to place the detector means in a sleep mode during the sleep intervals by at least one of asserting a control input, disabling power to the detector means or preventing the detector means from being invoked.
3. The metering apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller means is to determine the first watermark is verified when a first group of symbols of the first watermark matches a corresponding first group of symbols of a prior fourth watermark detected by the detector means in the media signal.
4. The metering apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the first group of symbols of the first watermark and the corresponding first group of symbols of the fourth watermark include media identification symbols that are the same in the first and fourth watermarks.
5. The metering apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the first watermark further includes a second group of symbols that is different from a corresponding second group of symbols of the fourth watermark.
6. A metering apparatus comprising:
detector means for detecting watermarks in a media signal; and
controller means for:
activating the detector means to begin a first search interval;
placing the detector means in a sleep mode upon expiration of the first search interval in response to no valid watermarks being detected during the first search interval;
placing the detector means in the sleep mode prior to expiration of the first search interval in response to detection of a first valid watermark during the first search interval;
activating the detector means to begin a second search interval upon expiration of a first sleep interval after the detector means was placed in the sleep mode;
cycling the detector means between subsequent sleep intervals and active intervals to perform a detection operation for subsequent watermarks in the media signal after the first valid watermark is detected during the first search interval, the active intervals based on expected locations of the subsequent watermarks in the media signal; and
searching a buffer of prior detected watermark symbols to detect a second watermark at a location prior to a first one of the expected locations in the media signal in response to no watermark being detected at the first one of the expected locations in the media signal.
7. The metering apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the expected locations of the subsequent watermarks are based on a repetition rate associated with the subsequent watermarks.
8. The metering apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the subsequent sleep intervals have different durations than the first sleep interval.
9. The metering apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the controller means is to place the detector means in the sleep mode by at least one of asserting a control input, disabling power to the detector means or preventing the detector means from being invoked.
10. An apparatus comprising:
detector means for detecting watermarks in a media signal; and
controller means for:
operating the detector means to search for a first watermark in a media signal;
determining whether the first watermark satisfies a first condition in response to the first watermark being detected;
operating the detector means to cycle between a sleep interval and an active interval to perform a detection operation for a second watermark at a second location in the media signal relative to a first location of the first watermark in the media signal, the controller means to operate the detector means to cycle between the sleep interval and the active interval in response to the first watermark satisfying the first condition; and
searching a buffer of prior detected watermark symbols to detect a third watermark at a third location prior to the second location in the media signal in response to the second watermark not being detected at the second location in the media signal.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the first watermark includes a first group of symbols and a second group of symbols, the first group of symbols being repeated in the first watermark and the second watermark, the second group of symbols differing between the first watermark and the second watermark, the controller means is to operate the detector means to detect the first group of symbols in the media signal.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the first watermark satisfies the first condition when the first group of symbols of the first watermark matches a corresponding first group of symbols repeated in a fourth watermark detected in the media signal within a first time period prior to detection of the first watermark.
13. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the first watermark satisfies the first condition when respective ones of the first group of symbols of the first watermark satisfy respective symbol strength conditions.
14. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the controller means is to operate the detector means to detect, in the media signal, the first group of symbols repeated in the second watermark.
15. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the controller means is further to:
continue to operate the detector means to cycle between sleep intervals and active intervals after a first time period if, during the first time period, at least one of (i) the first group of symbols repeated in the second watermark satisfied a first symbol strength condition or (ii) the first group of symbols repeated in the second watermark matched at least a first number of the corresponding first group of symbols of the first watermark; and
stop operating the detector means to cycle between the sleep intervals and the active intervals after the first time period if, during the first time period, (iii) the first group of symbols repeated in the second watermark did not satisfy the first symbol strength condition and (iv) the first group of symbols repeated in the second watermark did not match at least the first number of the corresponding first group of symbols of the first watermark.
16. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the controller means is further to search the buffer of prior detected watermark symbols in response to at least one of: (i) the first watermark being detected or (ii) the second watermark being detected at a location in the media signal different from the second location.
17. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the sleep interval is a first sleep interval, and wherein the controller means is further to:
determine whether a second condition is met in response to the first watermark not being detected for a first time period of operating the watermark detector means to search for the first watermark;
continue to operate the detector means to search for the first watermark if the second condition is met; and
operate the detector means to sleep for at least one of the first sleep interval or a second sleep interval different from the first sleep interval and then search for the first watermark if the second condition is not met.