Indomethacin analogs for the treatment of castrate-resistant prostate cancer
Provided are compositions for inhibiting a biological activity of an aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C3 (AKR1C3) polypeptide. In some embodiments, the compositions are indomethacin derivatives that are AKR1C3-specific inhibitors. Also provided are methods for producing disclosed indomethacin derivatives that substantially lack cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity but that have AKR1C3 inhibitory activity, methods for inhibiting AKR1C3 polypeptide biological activities, and methods for treating prostate tumors in subjects.
1. A method for inhibiting a biological activity of an aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C3 (AKR1C3) polypeptide, the method comprising contacting the AKR1C3 polypeptide with an effective amount of a compound of Formula IV:
wherein:
R5 is hydrogen, C 1 to C 6 alkoxy or halogen;
R8 is hydrogen or R- or S-carboxylic acid or C(O)OR12 or C(O)N(H)SO 2 X;
R9 is hydrogen or R- or S-carboxylic acid or C(O)OR12 or C(O)N(H)SO 2 X;
the ring to which R8 or R9 are bound is cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl;
R10 is present in two, three, four, or five positions in the phenyl ring and each instance is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, nitro, C 1 to C 6 alkyl, singly or multiply halogen substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 1 to C 6 alkoxy, amino, and hydroxy; and
m and n are each individually 0 or 1.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound has one of the following structures:
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the AKR1C3 polypeptide is present within a subject.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the subject is a mammal.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the subject is a male and the AKR1C3 polypeptide is present in the prostate of the subject.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the prostate of the subject comprises a tumor, optionally a castrate-resistant tumor.
7. A method for inhibiting undesirable aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C3 (AKR1C3) biological activity in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound of Formula IV:
wherein:
R5 is hydrogen, C 1 to C 6 alkoxy or halogen;
R8 is hydrogen or R- or S-carboxylic acid or C(O)OR12 or C(O)N(H)SO 2 X;
R9 is hydrogen or R- or S-carboxylic acid or C(O)OR12 or C(O)N(H)SO 2 X;
the ring to which R8 or R9 are bound is cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl;
R10 is present in two, three, four, or five positions in the phenyl ring and each instance is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, nitro, C 1 to C 6 alkyl, singly or multiply halogen substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 1 to C 6 alkoxy, amino, and hydroxy; and
m and n are each individually 0 or 1.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the compound has one of the following structures:
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the subject is a mammal.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the subject is a male and the undesirable AKR1C3 biological activity is present in a tumor, optionally a castrate-resistant tumor, present in the prostate of the subject.
11. A method for treating a prostate tumor in a subject, the method comprising administering the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula IV:
wherein:
R5 is hydrogen, C 1 to C 6 alkoxy or halogen;
R8 is hydrogen or R- or S-carboxylic acid or C(O)OR12 or C(O)N(H)SO 2 X;
R9 is hydrogen or R- or S-carboxylic acid or C(O)OR12 or C(O)N(H)SO 2 N;
the ring to which R8 or R9 are bound is cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl;
R10 is present in two, three, four, or five positions in the phenyl ring and each instance is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, nitro, C 1 to C 6 alkyl, singly or multiply halogen substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 1 to C 6 alkoxy, amino, and hydroxy; and
m and n are each individually 0 or 1.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the compound has one of the following structures:
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the prostate tumor is a castrate-resistant prostate tumor.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the administering is via a route selected from the group consisting of peroral, intravenous, intraperitoneal, inhalation, intraprostatic, and intratumoral.