Vehicle with AC-to-DC inverter system for vehicle-to-grid power integration
Vehicles that are capable of connecting to the AC grid are described that comprise a prime mover and at least one motor generator. In one embodiment, a vehicle may be constructed as a plug-in hybrid system and using the powertrain under controller instruction to either place power on an AC power line (to service AC grids) or to draw power from the AC power line to add electrical energy to the batteries on the vehicle. In some aspects, vehicles may test whether the power needed to service the AC power line may be satisfied by the on-vehicle batteries or, if not, whether and how much power to extract from the prime mover. In some aspects, vehicles may have a thermal management system on board to dynamically supply desired heat dissipation for the powertrain, if the powertrain is using the prime mover to supply power to the AC grid.
1. A vehicle for connecting to an Alternating Current (AC) power line, the vehicle comprising:
a prime mover;
an electric motor-generator, the electric motor-generator mechanically coupled to the prime mover via a clutch;
a battery, the battery electrically coupled to the electric motor-generator, the battery configured to receive from or supply electrical energy to the electric motor-generator;
an inverter, the inverter electrically coupled to the battery, the inverter capable of connecting to the AC power line; and
a controller, the controller configured to supply control signals to the prime mover, the electric motor-generator and the inverter such that the controller is configured to dynamically affect a flow of electrical power to or from the AC power line;
wherein the controller further comprises a processor and a non-transient computer readable storage medium, the computer readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when read by the processor, causes the vehicle to:
receive signals correlating to an electrical load demand on the AC power line and battery State Of Charge (SOC);
send signals to supply electrical power to the battery from the AC power line or take electrical power from the battery to the AC power line;
charge the battery by the electric motor-generator and the prime mover in response to the battery SOC being below a threshold and the AC power line demanding an electrical load.
2. The vehicle of claim 1 wherein the non-transient computer readable storage medium further comprising instructions that, when read by the processor, causes the vehicle to:
send signals to the inverter to take electrical power from the AC power line to charge the battery in response to the AC power line not demanding the electrical load.
3. The vehicle of claim 2 wherein the non-transient computer readable storage medium further comprising instructions that, when read by the processor, causes the vehicle to:
send signals to the inverter to export power from the battery in response to the demand for electrical power on the AC power line being below the threshold.
4. The vehicle of claim 3 wherein the non-transient computer readable storage medium further comprising instructions that, when read by the processor, causes the vehicle to:
send signals to turn on the prime mover and the motor-generator to supply peak power in response to the demand for electrical power on the AC power line being above the threshold.
5. The vehicle of claim 4 wherein the non-transient computer readable storage medium further comprising instructions that, when read by the processor, causes the vehicle to:
send signals to turn on the prime mover and the motor-generator to recharge the battery in response to the battery SOC being below the threshold.
6. The vehicle of claim 1 wherein electrical power is supplied to the AC power line from a component selected from the group consisting of the battery or the motor-generator.
7. The vehicle of claim 6 wherein the controller sends signals to the electric motor-generator and the prime mover to charge the battery hi response to the battery SOC being below the threshold and the AC power line demanding the electrical load that is not sustainable by the battery alone.