Fabricating structured particles through rapid hardening and tailored collection methods
Fabrication of functional polymer-based particles by crosslinking UV-curable polymer drops in mid-air and collecting crosslinked particles in a solid container, a liquid suspension, or an air flow. The particles can contain different phases in the form or layered structures that contain one to multiple cores, or structures that are blended with dissolved or emulsified smaller domains. A curing system produces ultraviolet rays that are directed onto the particles in the jet stream from one side. A reflector positioned on other side of the jet stream reflects the ultraviolet rays back onto the particles in the jet stream.
1. An apparatus for fabricating structured particles in mid-air using gravity that has a direction of gravity, comprising:
a fluid jet forming unit that produces a fluid jet stream wherein said fluid jet forming unit is positioned to direct said fluid jet stream against said direction of gravity;
a material supply connected to said fluid jet forming unit that feeds material into said fluid jet forming unit, wherein said fluid jet stream is made of said material;
a vibration system connected to said fluid jet forming unit and positioned proximate said fluid jet forming unit that imparts vibration to said fluid jet stream and produces a particle fluid jet stream having discrete droplets made of said material wherein said particle fluid jet stream is positioned to run against the direction of gravity;
a curing system positioned in the mid-air proximate said particle fluid jet stream that cures said discrete droplets and produces cured droplets; and
a collection system located above said curing system operably positioned to receive said cured droplets from said curing system that receives said cured droplets thereby providing the structured particles.
2. The apparatus for fabricating structured particles of claim 1 further comprising a rinsing fluid tray located above said particle fluid jet stream that runs against the direction of gravity and operably positioned to receive said cured droplets wherein said cured droplets are rinsed and directed to said collection system.
3. An apparatus for fabricating structured particles in mid-air using gravity that has a direction of gravity, comprising:
an enclosure;
an enclosure atmosphere system that maintains an atmosphere inside said enclosure;
a fluid jet forming unit that produces a fluid jet stream in said atmosphere wherein said fluid jet stream runs along the direction of gravity;
a material supply that includes a heater that produces heated material wherein said material supply is connected to said fluid jet forming unit and feeds said heated material into said fluid jet forming unit;
wherein said fluid jet stream is made of said heated material;
a vibration system positioned proximate said fluid jet stream that imparts vibration to said fluid jet stream and produces a particle fluid jet stream having discrete droplets wherein said particle fluid jet stream runs along the direction of gravity;
an iris positioned below said particle fluid jet stream wherein said particle fluid jet stream passes through said iris;
wherein said particle fluid jet stream has one side and another side opposite side said one side;
a fast camera positioned on said one side of said particle fluid jet stream below said iris to photograph said particle fluid jet stream and said discrete droplets;
a window on said other side of said particle fluid jet stream that provides light for photographing said particle fluid jet stream;
a curing system in mid-air positioned proximate said particle fluid jet stream that produces ultraviolet rays that are directed onto said particle fluid jet stream from said one side;
at least one reflector positioned on said other side of said particle fluid jet stream that reflects said ultraviolet rays back onto said particle fluid jet stream;
a collection system that receives said discrete droplets thereby providing the structured particles; and
an overflow system connected to said collection system.