Compositions, methods, and devices for capturing phosphate from water
The present disclosure provides compositions, methods, and devices for sensing, detecting, and/or selectively capturing phosphate from water. An exemplary method includes: contacting a ligand or a rare earth metal complex of a ligand as described herein with an aqueous phosphate-containing medium at a pH of 5 to 12 under conditions sufficient to bind phosphate (e.g., reversibly bind phosphate). In certain embodiments, the method further includes releasing the bound phosphate by contacting the bound phosphate complex with an aqueous medium at a pH of 0 to 4 under conditions sufficient to release the bound phosphate.
1. A ligand or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand selected from the group consisting of:
a) ligands of the formula:
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R″ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof; and
wherein optionally the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof,
or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand;
b) ligands of the formula
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R″ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof; and
wherein optionally the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof,
or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand;
c) ligands of the formula
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R″ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof; and
wherein optionally the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof,
or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand;
d) ligands of the formula
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R′ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R″ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof; and
wherein optionally the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof, or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand;
e) ligands of the formula
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R′ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R″ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof; and
wherein optionally the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof,
or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand;
f) ligands of the formula
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R′ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R″ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof; and
wherein optionally the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof, or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand; and
g) ligands of the formula
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof; and
wherein optionally the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof.
2. The ligands or rare earth metal complexes of the ligand according to claim 1 , selected from ligands of the formula:
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R″ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof; and
wherein optionally the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof,
or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand.
3. The ligands or rare earth metal complexes of the ligand according to claim 1 , selected from ligands of the formula:
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R″ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof; and
wherein optionally the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof,
or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand.
4. The ligands or rare earth metal complexes of the ligand according to claim 1 , selected from ligands of the formula:
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R″ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof; and
wherein optionally the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof,
or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand.
5. The ligands or rare earth metal complexes of the ligand according to claim 1 , selected from ligands of the formula:
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R′ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R″ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof; and
wherein optionally the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof,
or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand.
6. The ligands or rare earth metal complexes of the ligand according to claim 1 , selected from ligands of the formula:
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R′ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R″ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof; and
wherein optionally the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof,
or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand.
7. The ligands or rare earth metal complexes of the ligand according to claim 1 , selected from ligands of the formula:
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R′ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R″ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof; and
wherein optionally the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof, or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand.
8. A ligand or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand, wherein the ligand is of the formula:
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein optionally the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof, or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand.
9. A rare earth metal complex of a ligand selected from the group consisting of:
a) rare earth metal complexes of a ligand having the formula
wherein R is
and
wherein the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof; and
b) rare earth metal complexes of a ligand having the formula
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof; and
wherein the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof.
10. A method for sensing, detecting, and/or selectively capturing phosphate from water comprising:
contacting a ligand or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand according to claim 1 with an aqueous phosphate-containing medium at a pH of 5 to 12 under conditions sufficient to bind phosphate.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein the ligand or the rare earth metal complex of the ligand reversibly binds the phosphate.
12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising releasing the bound phosphate by contacting the bound phosphate complex with an aqueous medium at a pH of 0 to 4 under conditions sufficient to release the bound phosphate.
13. A device for sensing, detecting, and/or selectively capturing phosphate from water having a ligand or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand attached thereto,
wherein the ligand is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R a is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R′ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R″ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof; and
wherein the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof.
14. A device for sensing, detecting, and/or selectively capturing phosphate from water having a ligand or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand attached thereto, wherein the ligand is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R′ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof;
wherein R″ is selected from the group consisting of
and combinations thereof; and
wherein the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ ,Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof, and wherein the device comprises a membrane having the ligand or the rare earth metal complex of the ligand attached thereto.
15. The device of claim 13 , wherein the device comprises a sensor or detector having the ligand or the rare earth metal complex of the ligand attached thereto.
16. A device for sensing, detecting, and/or selectively capturing phosphate from water having a ligand or a rare earth metal complex of the ligand attached thereto, wherein the ligand is selected from the ligand or combinations thereof according to claim 1 , and
wherein the rare earth metal of the rare earth metal complex of one or more of the ligands is selected from the group consisting of Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ ,Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , and combinations thereof, and wherein the device comprises a membrane having the ligand or the rare earth metal complex of the ligand attached thereto.
17. The device of claim 16 , wherein the device comprises a sensor or detector having the ligand or the rare earth metal complex of the ligand attached thereto.