Fluid pump with a rotor
The invention relates to a fluid pump, in particular to a liquid pump having a rotor with at last one rotor blade for conveying the fluid, the rotor being variable with respect to its diameter between a first, compressed state and a second expanded state. In order to produce a simple compressibility and expandability of the rotor of the pump, it is provided according to the invention that at least one rotor blade is deformable between a first state which it assumes in the compressed state of the rotor and a second state which it assumes in the expanded state of the rotor by means of a fluid counterpressure during a rotation of the rotor during pump operation.
1. A percutaneous pump, comprising:
an expandable and compressible housing having a first inner diameter when compressed and a second inner diameter when expanded;
a rotor disposed within the housing, the rotor having a compressed state, a first expanded state, and a second expanded state; the rotor comprising:
a hub; and
a helical rotor blade coupled to the hub and configured to convey fluid, wherein the helical rotor blade spans at least 180 degrees about the hub;
wherein the helical rotor blade is configured to increase in diameter between the compressed state and the first expanded state to a first expanded diameter in the first expanded state, and to further increase between the first expanded diameter in the first expanded state to a second expanded diameter in the second expanded state, said increase to the second expanded diameter due at least in part to fluid counterpressure on the helical rotor blade;
wherein the helical rotor blade is configured to increase in diameter from the compressed state to the first expanded state due at least in part to expansion of the housing from the first inner diameter to the second inner diameter; and
wherein the rotor is configured to expand from the compressed state to the first expanded state and to the second expanded state within the expanded housing, and wherein a first difference between the second inner diameter of the housing and the first expanded diameter of the helical rotor blade is greater than a second difference between the second inner diameter of the housing and the second expanded diameter of the helical rotor blade.
2. The percutaneous pump of claim 1 , wherein the helical rotor blade comprises a leading side of the blade and a trailing side of the blade, wherein the fluid counterpressure acts against the leading side of the blade.
3. The percutaneous pump of claim 2 , wherein the helical rotor blade comprises a winglet at a distal tip of the blade.
4. The percutaneous pump of claim 3 , wherein the winglet is configured to abut an inner wall of the housing when the helical rotor blade is in the second expanded state.
5. The percutaneous pump of claim 4 , wherein the winglet is configured to glide against the inner wall of the housing during operation of the rotor.
6. The percutaneous pump of claim 4 , wherein the winglet is pivotable with regard to the blade.
7. The percutaneous pump of claim 6 , wherein the winglet is configured to be pivoted into an operating position by fluid pressure during rotation of the rotor.
8. The percutaneous pump of claim 7 , wherein the winglet is provided on the leading side of the blade.
9. The percutaneous pump of claim 7 , wherein the winglet is provided on the trailing side of the blade.
10. The percutaneous pump of claim 7 , wherein the winglet protrudes from both the leading side and the trailing side of the blade.
11. The percutaneous pump of claim 1 , wherein the housing is rounded at distal end.
12. The percutaneous pump of claim 1 , wherein the percutaneous pump is located at a distal end of a drive shaft, and the percutaneous pump is driven by an external motor connected to a proximal end of the drive shaft.
13. The percutaneous pump of claim 12 , wherein the drive shaft is flexible and is configured to extend over an aortic arch.
14. The percutaneous pump of claim 12 , wherein the housing comprises a shape memory material.
15. The percutaneous pump of claim 12 , wherein the housing is configured to be radially expanded by application of a force in a proximal direction along a longitudinal axis of the housing.
16. The percutaneous pump of claim 15 , wherein the force in the proximal direction is applied to the drive shaft relative to the housing to expand the housing to the second inner diameter.
17. The percutaneous pump of claim 1 , wherein the housing further comprises slots configured to allow a fluid to flow into an interior of the housing.
18. The percutaneous pump of claim 1 , wherein a diameter of the rotor in the compressed state is less than the first inner diameter of the housing when compressed.
19. The percutaneous pump of claim 1 , wherein the rotor includes multiple helical rotor blades.
20. The percutaneous pump of claim 1 , wherein the helical rotor blade is pivotable about a line on the surface of the hub.
21. The percutaneous pump of claim 1 , wherein the housing surrounds the helical rotor blade in the compressed state and in the first expanded state.
22. The percutaneous pump of claim 1 , wherein the housing is not longitudinally movable with respect to the helical rotor blade.
23. The percutaneous pump of claim 1 , further comprising a sheath surrounding the housing and movable with respect to the housing.
24. The percutaneous pump of claim 1 , wherein a distance from the distal end of the housing to a distal end of the helical rotor blade is the same when the housing is compressed as when the housing is expanded.