Solar active powder for fusion powder coating
A fusion powder coating useful in forming a coating by fusion of the powder comprising a solar active or a photovoltaic pigment in combination with a resin including a conductive resin and a device for generating electric energy from solar or photo illumination comprising an electrode, a first powder coated layer of an absorptive pigment and a resin, a second powder coated layer of the aforementioned solar active powder, and a protective layer.
1. A method of manufacturing a solar-active object capable of generating electricity when a coated surface of the object is exposed to actinic, photo, or solar energy, the method comprising:
providing a substrate;
providing a first powder coating composition having a conductive polymeric resin and at least one photovoltaic or solar-active pigment;
applying the first powder coating composition onto the substrate so that, upon subsequent heating, the first powder coating composition creates a photoactive layer in which the at least one photovoltaic or solar-active pigment is embedded within a matrix formed by the conductive resin;
optionally, applying an optional powder coating composition onto the photoactive layer to create a protective layer;
applying an additional powder coating composition onto the substrate to create an absoprtive layer, the additional powder coating composition including a second resin and at least one light-absorptive or reflective pigment, and wherein the additional powder coating composition is applied to the substrate before the first powder coating composition so that the absorptive layer is interposed between the substrate and the photoactive layer; and
heating all powder coating composition(s) on the substrate to form a fused laminate film adhered to the substrate.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the additional powder coating composition includes a second conductive polymeric resin.
3. The method according to claim 1 wherein all of the powder coating compositions collectively utilize about 30-45% total pigment loading by weight.
4. The method according to claim 1 wherein, prior to applying the additional powder coating composition, the light-absorptive and/or reflective pigment(s) are blended with the additional resin while the second powder coating composition is being extruded.
5. The method according to claim 1 wherein a temperature during the heating is maintained at 375° F. for at least 15 minutes.
6. The method according to claim 1 wherein the heating occurs separately for each powder coating composition prior to applying any subsequent powder composition(s).
7. The method according to claim 1 wherein the light absorptive and/or reflective pigment(s) are present in the additional powder coating composition are collectively between 3% to 4.5% by weight of the second powder composition.
8. The method according to claim 1 wherein the substrate comprises metal or aluminum.
9. The method according to claim 1 wherein the photoactive layer includes an organic dye photoactive material and/or nanodots.
10. The method according to claim 1 wherein, prior to applying the first powder coating composition, the photovoltaic and/or solar-active pigment(s) are blended with the first resin while the first powder coating composition is being extruded.
11. The method according to claim 1 wherein a temperature during the heating is maintained at 375° F. for at least 15 minutes.
12. The method according to claim 1 wherein the substrate comprises at least one of wood, plastic, metal, concrete, and aluminum.
13. The method according to claim 1 wherein the heating occurs separately for each powder coating composition prior to applying any subsequent powder coating composition.
14. The method according to claim 1 wherein photoactive layer is about 2.5 to 5.0 mils thick.
15. The method according to claim 1 wherein the photovoltaic and/or solar-active pigment(s) are present in the first powder coating composition at between 2.5% to 4.5% by weight of the first powder coating composition.
16. The method according to claim 1 wherein the substrate is a conductive substrate.
17. The method according to claim 1 wherein the optional protective layer is present and wherein each powder coating composition is heated separately.
18. The method according to claim 1 wherein each powder coating composition is heated separately.