Pharmaceutical formulations of nitrite and uses thereof
The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions of nitrites such as inorganic nitrites, or any pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof, and the medical use of these compositions. The pharmaceutical compositions, which can be formulated for oral administration, can provide immediate release or extended release of the nitrite ion (NO 2 − ). The pharmaceutical compositions of the invention are useful, for example, for treating or reducing pain, improving symptoms of a microvascular disease, and improving nerve conduction velocity.
1. A method of treating or reducing pain in a patient, the method comprising:
(i) administering 5 mg to 50 mg of inorganic nitrite to the patient two times per day for a first treatment period of 6 weeks to 14 weeks; and then
(ii) administering 60 mg to 100 mg of inorganic nitrite to the patient two times per day for a second treatment period of 6 weeks to 14 weeks.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pain is selected from the group consisting of neuropathic pain, inflammatory pain, nociceptive pain, functional pain, musculo-skeletal pain, and central nervous system pain.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the neuropathic pain is selected from the group consisting of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, post-herpetic neuralgia, trigeminal neuralgia, phantom limb pain, carpal tunnel syndrome, sciatica, pudendal neuralgia, complex regional pain syndrome, sensory polyneuropathys, mono-neuropathies, and central pain syndrome.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the patient has a microvascular disease.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining whether the patient exhibits a reduction in pain.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the reduction in pain is determined as a decrease in pain intensity, frequency, duration, and/or improvements in quality of life.
7. The method of claim 5 , further comprising performing a Brief Pain Inventory, a Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory, and/or a McGill Pain Questionnaire to determine if the patient exhibits a reduction in pain.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (i) of the method results in a reduction in pain.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein step (ii) is performed when the patient exhibits a reduction in pain.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the first treatment period is at least 10 weeks;
the second treatment period is at least 7 weeks;
the inorganic nitrite is NaNO 2 , and is formulated for one of topical, enteral, parenteral administration, as a solid dosage form for oral administration, as a tablet or capsule formulated for sustained release of the inorganic nitrite;
the inorganic nitrite is formulated with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients;
the inorganic nitrite is present in an amount of 40 mg in step (i) of the method;
the inorganic nitrite is present in an amount of 80 mg in step (ii) of the method;
the patient has type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes;
the patient is a mammal; and
the patient is a human.