Method for the treatment of skin tissues
A method for treating skin tissues including irradiating the skin tissues with infrared light between about 16 and about 72 hours prior to photodynamic therapy.
1. A method for treating skin tissues, said skin tissues defining an epidermal layer and a sub-epidermal layer, said epidermal layer defining a skin surface and said sub-epidermal layer extending from said epidermal layer substantially opposite to said skin surface, said method comprising:
positioning a radiation source outside of said skin tissues at a predetermined distance from said skin surface, said radiation source including light emitting diodes;
powering said light emitting diodes so as to produce infrared radiation having a predetermined spectrum and a predetermined power;
irradiating a predetermined region of said sub-epidermal layer for a predetermined duration of from 1 minute to 1 hour with said infrared radiation through said epidermal layer, said predetermined spectrum and said predetermined power being such that said infrared radiation is absorbed to a larger degree in said sub-epidermal layer than in said epidermal layer;
waiting for a predetermined delay after irradiating said predetermined region for said predetermined duration, wherein the predetermined delay is between 24 and 72 hours; and
applying a treatment substance on said skin surface immediately after said predetermined delay.
2. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein said treatment substance includes a photo-activatable substance, said method further comprising irradiating said skin tissues with radiation having a spectrum and a power density suitable for activating said photo-activatable substance.
3. A method as defined in claim 2 , wherein said treatment substance is selected from the group consisting of porphyrin, chlorine, 5-ALA, xanthene and phtalocyanine derivatives.
4. A method as defined in claim 3 , wherein said skin tissues include skin tissues having a condition selected from the set consisting of actinic karatosis, acne, inflammatory acne and diffuse sebaceous glands hyperplasia.
5. A method as defined in claim 1 , wherein said infrared radiation includes pulses of a pulse duration separated by an inter-pulse interval.
6. A method as defined in claim 5 , wherein said pulse duration is from about 100 microseconds to about 5 milliseconds.
7. A method as defined in claim 5 , wherein said pulse duration is from about 250 microseconds to about 1 millisecond.
8. A method as defined in claim 5 , wherein said inter-pulse interval is from about 50 microseconds to about 0.5 millisecond.
9. A method as defined in claim 5 , wherein the pulses are grouped in pulse trains, all pulses within a pulse train having the same pulse duration and being separated from each other by the same inter-pulse interval, the pulse trains being separated from each other by an inter-pulse train interval larger than the inter-pulse interval.
10. The method as defined in claim 9 , wherein the inter-pulse train interval is from about 500 microsecond to about 1 second.
11. The method as defined in claim 9 , wherein the inter-pulse train interval is from about 750 microseconds to about 500 milliseconds.
12. The method as defined in claim 9 , wherein the inter-pulse train interval is from about 500 microseconds to about 2.25 milliseconds.
13. The method as defined in claim 9 , wherein a number of pulses within each pulse train is from 2 to 1000 pulses.
14. The method as defined in claim 9 , wherein a number of pulses within each pulse train is from 3 to 10 pulses.
15. A method as defined in claim 1 , wherein said predetermined spectrum includes wavelengths contained within an interval of from about 800 nm to about 1000 nm.
16. A method as defined in claim 1 , wherein said predetermined spectrum includes a peak at one of about 940 nm, about 870 nm, and about 970 nm, said peak having a bandwidth of less than about 30 nm.
17. A method as defined in claim 1 , further comprising:
measuring a skin temperature of said skin tissues while irradiating said sub-epidermal layer with said infrared radiation; and
stopping irradiation of said sub-epidermal layer when said skin temperature reaches a predetermined temperature.
18. The method as defined in claim 17 , wherein said predetermined temperature is about 38° C.
19. The method as defined in claim 17 , wherein said predetermined temperature is about 41° C.
20. A method as defined in claim 1 , wherein said sub-epidermal layer is irradiated with a fluence of from about 50 J/cm 2 to about 300 J/cm 2 .
21. A method as defined in claim 1 , wherein said infrared radiation is pulsed with duty cycle of between 15% and 85%.
22. A method as defined in claim 21 , wherein said infrared radiation has a duty cycle of about 50%.
23. A method as defined in claim 1 , wherein said infrared radiation has a power of from about 1 mW/cm 2 to about 1 W/cm 2 .
24. A method as defined in claim 1 , wherein said infrared radiation has a power of from about 30 mW/cm 2 to about 250 mW/cm 2 .
25. A method as defined in claim 1 , wherein said infrared radiation has a power of from about 20 mW/cm 2 to about 100 mW/cm 2 .
26. The method as defined in claim 1 , wherein the infrared radiation is continuous wave radiation.
27. A method as defined in claim 1 , wherein said method is performed in vivo on a human subject.
28. A method for treating skin tissues, said skin tissues defining an epidermal layer and a sub-epidermal layer, said epidermal layer defining a skin surface and said sub-epidermal layer extending from said epidermal layer substantially opposite to said skin surface, said method comprising:
positioning a radiation source outside of said skin tissues at a predetermined distance from said skin surface, said radiation source including light emitting diodes;
powering said light emitting diodes so as to produce infrared radiation having a predetermined spectrum and a predetermined power;
irradiating a predetermined region of said sub-epidermal layer for a predetermined duration of from 1 minute to 1 hour with said infrared radiation through said epidermal layer, said predetermined spectrum and said predetermined power being such that said infrared radiation is absorbed to a larger degree in said sub-epidermal layer than in said epidermal layer;
waiting for a predetermined delay after irradiating said predetermined region for said predetermined duration, wherein the predetermined delay is between 16 and 72 hours;
applying a treatment substance on said skin surface immediately after said predetermined delay, wherein said treatment substance includes a photo-activatable substance; and
irradiating said skin tissues with radiation having a spectrum and a power density suitable for activating said photo-activatable substance.
29. The method as defined in claim 28 , wherein said treatment substance is selected from the group consisting of porphyrin, chlorine, 5-ALA, xanthene and phtalocyanine derivatives.
30. The method as defined in claim 29 , wherein said skin tissues include skin tissues having a condition selected from the set consisting of actinic karatosis, acne, inflammatory acne and diffuse sebaceous glands hyperplasia.
31. The method as defined in claim 28 , wherein said predetermined spectrum includes wavelengths contained within an interval of from about 800 nm to about 1000 nm and said infrared radiation has a power of from about 30 mW/cm 2 to about 250 mW/cm 2 .