Lipophenol compounds and uses thereof

1. A method for treating a retinal pathology caused by either or both carbonyl and oxidative stress, comprising a step of administering to a patient in need thereof a pharmaceutically acceptable amount of a compound of formula (I):

wherein:

i is 0 or 1;

j is 0 or 1;

k is 0 or 1;

R 1 is chosen from the group consisting of: H, (C 1 -C 12 )alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )cycloalkyl, and (C 6 -C 10 )aryl radicals; or R 1 may form a heterocycloalkyl radical with the oxygen atom bearing it; or R 1 is a group of formula C(O)R, R being as defined below;

R 2 is chosen from the group consisting of: H, (C 1 -C 12 )alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )cycloalkyl, and (C 6 -C 10 )aryl radicals; or R 2 may form a heterocycloalkyl radical with the oxygen atom bearing it; or R 2 is a group of formula C(O)R, R being as defined below;

R is a, linear or branched, alkyl radical, possibly interrupted by one or several double bonds, comprising at least 19 carbon atoms, and wherein one or several hydrogen atoms may be replaced by deuterium atoms;

R 3 is H and k=0 when j=1; or, when j=0, R 3 is a group of formula —C(O)R or

-L-C(O)R, R being as defined above;

L is a linker having one of the following formulae (L1) or (L2):

wherein:

A 1 is an alkylene radical comprising from 3 to 6 carbon atoms;

A′ 1 is an alkylene radical comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by one or several heteroatoms, such as oxygen atoms;

X 1 is a radical —C(O)— or an alkylene radical comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms;

X 2 is a radical —C(O)— or an alkylene radical comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms;

X′ 1 is chosen from the group consisting of: —O—, —N(R a )— or an alkylene radical comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by one or several heteroatoms, such as oxygen atoms, R a being H or an alkyl group comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms;

L′ is a linker of formula -(A) p -(X) q —C(O)—, wherein:

p is 0 or 1;

q is 0 or 1;

A is an alkylene radical comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by one or several heteroatoms, such as oxygen atoms,

X is —O—, —N(R b )— or an alkylene radical comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R b being H or an alkyl group comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms;

L″ is a linker chosen from the group consisting of: (C 6 -C 10 )arylene, (C 1 -C 12 )alkylene, (C 1 -C 12 )alkylene-(C 6 -C 10 )arylene, (C 6 -C 10 )arylene-(C 1 -C 12 )alkylene, —CH═CH-(C 6 -C 10 )arylene and (C 1 -C 12 )alkylene-CH═CH-(C 6 -C 10 )arylene radicals;

wherein, when j=0, at least one of the groups R 1 , R 2 and R 3 comprises a radical R; provided that the compound of formula (I) is other than the following compound:

or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, racemates, diastereomers or enantiomers.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein, in formula (I), when j=0, at most one of the groups R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is H.

3. The method of claim 1 , comprising a step of administering a compound having the following formula (I-1):

wherein L′, R and R 2 are as defined in claim 1 ,

or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, racemates, diastereomers or enantiomers.

4. The method of claim 1 , comprising a step of administering a compound having the following formula (I-2):

wherein k, L″, R 1 and R 3 are as defined in claim 1 ,

or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, racemates, diastereomers or enantiomers.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein, in formula (I-2), R 1 is an alkyl group.

6. The method of claim 1 , comprising a step of administering a compound having the following formula (I-2-1):

wherein Alk is a (C 1 -C 12 )alkyl group, and R is as defined in claim 1 , or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, racemates, diastereomers or enantiomers.

7. The method of claim 1 , comprising a step of administering a compound having the following formula (I-3):

wherein A 1 , X 1 , X 2 , R, and R 1 are as defined in claim 1 , or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, racemates, diastereomers or enantiomers.

8. The method of claim 1 , comprising a step of administering a compound having the following formula (I-4):

wherein R is as defined in claim 1 ,

and R 1 is an alkyl group comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, racemates, diastereomers or enantiomers.

9. The method of claim 1 , comprising a step of administering a compound having the following formula (I-4-2):

wherein R is as defined in claim 1 , or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, racemates, diastereomers or enantiomers.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein, in formula (I), R 1 is a (C 1 -C 12 )alkyl group.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein, in formula (I), R 1 is a (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl group.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein, in formula (I), R 1 is an isopropyl group.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein, in formula (I), R is a linear or branched alkyl group, possibly interrupted by one or several double bonds, comprising from 19 to 23 carbon atoms.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein, in formula (I), R is a linear or branched alkyl group, possibly interrupted by one or several double bonds, comprising from 19 to 23 carbon atoms, and wherein one or several hydrogen atoms are replaced by deuterium atoms.

15. The method of claim 1 , wherein, in formula (I), R is a linear or branched alkyl group, interrupted by at least one double bond, comprising from 19 to 21 carbon atoms.

16. The method of claim 1 , wherein, in formula (I), R is the following radical:

17. The method of claim 1 , wherein, in formula (I), R is the following radical:

18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the retinal pathology is Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) or Stargardt disease.