Liquid cooled battery system with integrated current carrier and coolant path
Fluid cooled electric vehicle battery systems are disclosed. Systems can include an integrated coolant manifold and bus bar configured to carry coolant and electrical current along a common or coaxial path. An integrated coolant manifold and bus bar can include a conductive layer surrounding a coolant flow path and/or a conductor disposed within a coolant flow path. Integrated coolant manifold and bus bar structures may improve efficient use of battery space by reducing the number of battery components and by allowing reduced bus bar size due to fluid cooling of the bus bar.
1. An electric vehicle battery system comprising:
at least one battery module comprising one or more fluid cooled electrochemical cells and a terminal;
a bus bar electrically connected to the terminal, the bus bar configured to electrically connect the at least one terminal to an external terminal of the battery system; and
a coolant manifold in fluid communication with the at least one battery module and a cooling system of the electric vehicle,
wherein at least a portion of the bus bar is disposed within the coolant manifold and has a longitudinal axis disposed within the coolant manifold, and the terminal of the battery module is electrically connected to the bus bar by a connection disposed along the portion of the bus bar disposed within the coolant manifold, the connection comprising a transverse electrical connector extending perpendicularly from the bus bar through the coolant manifold.
2. The electric vehicle battery system of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the bus bar comprises a conductive layer surrounding a coolant flow path, the coolant flow path comprising at least a portion of the coolant manifold.
3. The electric vehicle battery system of claim 2 , wherein the bus bar further comprises an exterior covering surrounding the conductive layer, the exterior covering comprising an electrically insulating material.
4. The electric vehicle battery system of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the coolant manifold comprises an exterior wall surrounding both a coolant flow path and a conductor, the conductor comprising at least a portion of the bus bar.
5. The electric vehicle battery system of claim 4 , wherein the coolant manifold comprises an interior support structure configured to retain at least a portion of the bus bar therein.
6. The electric vehicle battery system of claim 5 , wherein the interior support structure and an exterior wall of the coolant manifold comprise an integrally formed extruded plastic profile.
7. The electric vehicle battery system of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the bus bar is coaxial with at least a portion of the coolant manifold.
8. The electric vehicle battery system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one battery module is in fluid communication with the coolant manifold through a coolant connection disposed along a portion of the coolant manifold disposed about the longitudinal axis of the bus bar.
9. The electric vehicle battery system of claim 8 , wherein the portion of the coolant manifold is disposed within the bus bar, and wherein the coolant connection comprises an opening in the bus bar.
10. The electric vehicle battery system of claim 1 , wherein the electric vehicle battery system comprises:
a plurality of battery modules, each of the plurality of battery modules comprising a positive terminal and a negative terminal;
a positive bus bar electrically connected to the positive terminals of the plurality of battery modules;
a first coolant manifold coaxial with the positive bus bar along at least a portion of its length;
a negative bus bar electrically connected to the negative terminals of the plurality of battery modules; and
a second coolant manifold coaxial with the negative bus bar along at least a portion of its length.
11. The electric vehicle battery system of claim 10 , wherein each of the plurality of battery modules comprises an individually controllable battery string.
12. An integrated bus bar and coolant manifold comprising:
an exterior wall surrounding a coolant flow path along a longitudinal axis;
a conductive bus bar disposed within a central portion of the coolant flow path, the bus bar extending along the longitudinal axis; and
a support structure coupled to the exterior wall and at least partially surrounding the bus bar, the support structure configured to retain the bus bar in the central portion of the coolant flow path.
13. The integrated bus bar and coolant manifold of claim 12 , wherein the exterior wall and the support structure are integrally formed.
14. The integrated bus bar and coolant manifold of claim 12 , wherein the bus bar and the coolant flow path are coaxial.
15. The integrated bus bar and coolant manifold of claim 12 , further comprising at least one peripheral electrical connection, the peripheral electrical connection comprising:
a transverse electrical connector extending from the bus bar along an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, the transverse electrical connector configured to electrically connect bus bar and an electric vehicle battery module; and
an electrical connector covering at least partially surrounding the transverse electrical connector within the coolant flow path.