Shape memory polymer blend materials
An object comprising: a blend of (i) a phenol-containing polymer and (ii) a nitrile butadiene rubber; wherein the phenol-containing polymer is present in an amount of at least 5 wt % and up to about 95 wt % by total weight of components (i) and (ii). The object may further contain an electrically conducting component dispersed within the blend or on a surface of the blend. Also described is a method of thermal-activated reversible mechanical deformation of the object by (i) deforming the object at a first temperature, which is at or above the glass transition temperature of the object, and applying a stress on the object; (ii) fixing the deformed state by cooling the object to a second temperature of no more than 0° C. while under stress, and removing the stress; and (iii) recovering the object to the original shape by raising the temperature of the object to the first temperature.
1. An object comprising a blend of: (i) a phenol-containing polymer; (ii) a nitrile butadiene rubber; and (iii) substantially spherical particles having a zerovalent metal composition, wherein said particles are in admixed form within said blend or said particles are a coating on a surface of said object, wherein said blend defines a shape of said object;
wherein said phenol-containing polymer is present in an amount of at least 5 wt % and up to about 95 wt % by total weight of components (i) and (ii).
2. The object of claim 1 , wherein said phenol-containing polymer is a lignin.
3. The object of claim 2 , wherein said lignin is a softwood lignin.
4. The object of claim 2 , wherein said lignin is a hardwood lignin.
5. The object of claim 1 , wherein said nitrile butadiene rubber has an acrylonitrile content of 20-55 mol %.
6. The object of claim 1 , wherein said phenol-containing polymer is present in an amount of at least 20 wt % and up to about 70 wt % by total weight of components (i) and (ii).
7. The object of claim 1 , wherein said phenol-containing polymer is present in an amount of at least 40 wt % and up to about 60 wt % by total weight of components (i) and (ii).
8. The object of claim 1 , wherein said substantially spherical particles having a zerovalent metal composition reside on a surface of said blend that defines a shape of said object, without being within said blend.
9. The object of claim 1 , wherein said substantially spherical particles having a zerovalent metal composition are within said blend.
10. The object of claim 1 , wherein said substantially spherical particles having a zerovalent metal composition are present in an amount of up to 30 wt % by weight of components (i), (ii), and (iii).
11. The object of claim 1 , wherein said zerovalent metal composition is selected from the group consisting of silver (Ag), gold (Au), cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Jr), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), aluminum (Al), tin (Sn), and combinations thereof.
12. The object of claim 1 , wherein said particles have a size of 1-200 nm.