Motor vehicle lock with crash element

1. A motor-vehicle lock comprising a latch mechanism and catch, as locking elements,

wherein the motor-vehicle lock has an actuating lever, which can be pivoted about an actuating-lever axis and of which the actuation from a starting position into an actuating position makes it possible to disengage the catch,

wherein the motor-vehicle lock has a crash element, which can be adjusted from a normal state into a crash state, in which the crash element blocks the actuating lever in a blocking position or uncouples it from the catch,

wherein the crash element is coupled to the actuating lever such that, when the actuating lever is actuated at an actuating speed above a limit actuating speed, the crash element latches in the crash state,

wherein with the crash element latched in the crash state, a restoring action of the actuating lever into the starting position causes the latching action to be reversed and the crash element to be adjusted into the normal state;

the motor-vehicle lock further comprising a switchable coupling between the actuating lever and the crash element, wherein in dependence on the state of the crash element, the switchable coupling is switched into a coupled state or into an uncoupled state, and

wherein the switchable coupling comprises two coupling elements, which are provided by the actuating lever, on the one hand, and by the crash element, on the other hand, and, in dependence on the coupling state, engage with one another, wherein in the coupled state the coupling elements are directly engaged with each other, and wherein in the uncoupled state the coupling elements are disengaged from each other so that the switchable coupling does not establish any interaction between the actuating lever and the crash element.

2. The motor-vehicle lock as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, with the crash element latched in the crash state, it is only the actuating lever being restored by at least 80% into the starting position, as seen in relation to the movement region between the starting position and actuating position, which causes the latching action to be reversed and the crash element to be adjusted into the normal state.

3. The motor-vehicle lock as claimed in claim 1 , wherein actuation of the actuating lever at an actuating speed above the limit actuating speed as a result of the inertia of the crash element causes the crash element to be adjusted into the crash state.

4. The motor-vehicle lock as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the crash element is spring-prestressed into the normal state.

5. The motor-vehicle lock as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a crash-element bearing member mounts the crash element on the actuating lever such that the crash element can be pivoted about a crash-element axis.

6. The motor-vehicle lock as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the crash element can be pivoted out of a starting position about the crash-element axis, and wherein the crash element is spring-prestressed into the starting position.

7. The motor-vehicle lock as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, in the coupled state, the switchable coupling establishes a drive-function coupling between the actuating lever and the crash element in respect of a pivoting movement of the crash element about the crash-element axis.

8. The motor-vehicle lock as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a blocking stop, which is in a fixed position relative to the actuating lever, the crash element coming into abutment therewith when the actuating lever is actuated.

9. The motor-vehicle lock as claimed in claim 8 , wherein, with the crash element located in the crash state, actuation of the actuating lever is blocked via the switchable coupling, the crash element and the blocking stop, and/or wherein, with the crash element located in the normal state, actuation of the actuating lever is accompanied by a compensating movement of the crash element in relation to the actuating lever.

10. The motor-vehicle lock as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, with the crash element located in the crash state, the actuating lever has been separated in drive-function terms from the catch by the switchable coupling, and/or wherein, with the crash element located in the normal state, the actuating lever can be coupled in drive-function terms to the catch by the switchable coupling.

11. The motor-vehicle lock as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the latching action of the crash element in the crash state is attributable to a latching action of the switchable coupling, and wherein, with the crash element located in the crash state, the coupling elements of the switchable coupling are latched to one another.

12. The motor-vehicle lock as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the crash element can be adjusted into the crash state by an accelerating action which occurs in the event of a crash and acts on the motor-vehicle lock.

13. The motor-vehicle lock as claimed in claim 2 , wherein it is only the actuating lever being restored fully into the starting position which causes the latching action to be reversed and the crash element to be adjusted into the normal state.

14. The motor-vehicle lock as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the crash-element axis is arranged at a distance from the actuating-lever axis.

15. The motor-vehicle lock as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the crash-element axis can be displaced on the crash element, and wherein the adjustment of the crash element between the normal state and the crash state is attributable to a displacement of the crash-element axis on the crash element.

16. The motor-vehicle lock as claimed claim 1 , wherein the switchable coupling comprises a guide-track coupling.

17. The motor-vehicle lock as claimed in claim 1 , wherein one of the coupling elements is designed in the form of a guide track and the other of the coupling elements is designed in the form of a sliding block.

18. The motor-vehicle lock as claimed in claim 11 , wherein one of the coupling elements has an undercut, and wherein the other one of the coupling elements engages behind the undercut in order for the two coupling elements to be latched to one another.