Micromesh proppant and methods of making and using same
The present disclosure relates to a micromesh proppant for use in hydraulic fracturing of oil and gas wells. In one embodiment, a process for forming proppant particles includes providing a slurry comprising a ceramic raw material containing alumina, atomizing the slurry into droplets, coating seeds comprising alumina with the droplets to form green pellets, sintering the green pellets to form sintered pellets, and breaking the sintered pellets to form proppant particles comprising a sintered ceramic material and having a size of from about 150 mesh to about 500 mesh and a crush strength at 7,500 psi of from about 1% to about 20%. In one embodiment, a proppant particle includes a sintered ceramic material and having a size of from about 150 mesh to about 500 mesh and a crush strength at 7,500 psi of from about 1% to about 20%.
1. A process for forming proppant particles, comprising:
providing a slurry comprising a ceramic raw material comprising alumina;
atomizing the slurry into droplets;
coating seeds comprising alumina with the droplets to form green pellets;
sintering the green pellets to form sintered pellets; and
breaking the sintered pellets to form proppant particles comprising a sintered ceramic material, wherein the proppant particles have an angular shape and a mean particle size of from about 160 mesh to about 700 mesh.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein sintering comprises sintering the green pellets at a temperature of from about 1400° C. to about 1650° C.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein breaking is selected from crushing, grinding, pulverizing, or milling.
4. The process of claim 3 , wherein breaking comprises grinding at a pressure of 10,000 psi or greater.
5. The process of claim 4 , wherein breaking comprises grinding at a pressure of 20,000 psi or greater.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the proppant particles have a bulk density of from about 1.4 g/cm 3 to about 2 g/cm 3 and an apparent specific gravity of from about 2 g/cm 3 to about 4 g/cm 3 .
7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the proppant particles have a bulk density of from about 1.6 g/cm 3 to about 1.8 g/cm 3 and an apparent specific gravity of from about 2.7 g/cm 3 to about 3.2 g/cm 3 .
8. The process of claim 7 , wherein the proppant particles have a mean particle size from 175 mesh to 500 mesh.
9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the proppant particles have a crush strength of from about 5% to about 15%.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein breaking is performed in a grinder, the method further comprising introducing a binder material in dry form into the grinder and breaking the binder material along with the sintered pellets.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein sintering is performed at a temperature of from about 1000° C. to about 1600° C. for a period of time from about 5 minutes to about 90 minutes.
12. The process of claim 11 , wherein the proppant particles have an internal interconnected porosity of from about 35% to about 70%.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the proppant particles have a mean particle size of from about 150 mesh to about 250 mesh.
14. The process of claim 13 , wherein the proppant particles have an apparent specific gravity of from about 2 g/cm 3 to about 4 g/cm 3 .
15. The process of claim 14 , wherein the proppant particles have a bulk density of from about 1.4 g/cm 3 to about 2 g/cm 3 .