Methods of fabricating semiconductor devices
Methods for fabricating a semiconductor device are provided including sequentially forming a first hard mask layer, a second hard mask layer and a photoresist layer on a target layer, patterning the photoresist layer to form a photoresist pattern, sequentially patterning the second hard mask layer and the first hard mask layer using the photoresist pattern as an etching mask to form a first hard mask pattern and a second hard mask pattern on the first hard mask pattern, and etching the target layer using the first hard mask pattern and the second hard mask pattern as an etching mask, wherein the second hard mask layer includes impurity-doped amorphous silicon.
1. A method of fabricating a semiconductor device, comprising:
sequentially forming a first hard mask layer, a second hard mask layer and a photoresist layer on a target layer;
patterning the photoresist layer to form a photoresist pattern;
sequentially patterning the first hard mask layer and the second hard mask layer using the photoresist pattern as an etching mask to form a first hard mask pattern and a second hard mask pattern on the first hard mask pattern; and
etching the target layer using the first hard mask pattern and the second hard mask pattern as an etching mask,
wherein the second hard mask layer includes impurity-doped amorphous silicon, and
wherein the impurity-doped amorphous silicon includes a pentavalent element as a doped impurity.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pentavalent element is phosphorus.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the patterning the photoresist layer to form a photoresist pattern comprises:
exposing the photoresist layer to extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light; and
developing the exposed photoresist layer to form the photoresist pattern.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first hard mask layer includes an amorphous carbon layer.
5. The method of claim 4 :
wherein the target layer includes a metal layer; and
wherein etching the target layer using the first hard mask pattern as an etching mask comprises etching the metal layer to form a metal layer pattern.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein etching the target layer comprises dry etching the target layer.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the etching the target layer comprises etching the target layer using a hydrogen bromide (HBr) gas.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first hard mask layer comprises silicon oxide.
9. The method of claim 8 :
wherein the target layer includes an insulating layer; and
wherein the etching the target layer using the second hard mask pattern as an etching mask comprises etching the insulating layer to form a trench in the insulating layer.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising forming a lower layer between the photoresist layer and the second hard mask layer.
11. A method of fabricating a semiconductor device, comprising:
forming, on a substrate, a device isolation layer defining an active region;
forming a buried gate in the active region;
forming, on the substrate, a metal layer in contact with the active region;
forming a first hard mask layer on the metal layer, a second hard mask layer on the first hard mask layer, and a photoresist layer on the second hard mask layer;
patterning the photoresist layer to form a photoresist pattern;
patterning the second hard mask layer using the photoresist pattern as an etching mask to form a second hard mask pattern;
patterning the first hard mask layer using the second hard mask pattern as an etching mask to form a first hard mask pattern; and
etching the metal layer using the first hard mask pattern and the second hard mask pattern as an etching mask to form a metal layer pattern,
wherein the second hard mask layer includes impurity-doped amorphous silicon, and
wherein the first hard mask layer includes an amorphous carbon layer.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the impurity-doped amorphous silicon includes a pentavalent element as a doped impurity.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the pentavalent element is phosphorus.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the patterning the photoresist layer to form a photoresist pattern comprises:
exposing the photoresist layer to extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light; and
developing the exposed photoresist layer to form the photoresist pattern.
15. The method of claim 11 , further comprising a lower layer between the photoresist layer and the second hard mask layer.
16. The method of claim 11 :
wherein the metal layer pattern includes a bit line structure; and
wherein the bit line structure includes a bit line plug on the active region and a bit line electrode on the bit line plug.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the second hard mask pattern is a capping layer covering the bit line electrode.
18. A method of fabricating a semiconductor device, comprising:
sequentially forming a first hard mask layer, a second hard mask layer and a photoresist layer on a target layer, the first hard mask layer including an amorphous carbon layer and the second hard mask layer including impurity-doped amorphous silicon;
patterning the photoresist layer to form a photoresist pattern;
etching the second hard mask layer using the photoresist pattern as an etching mask to form a second hard mask pattern; and
etching the first hard mask layer using the second hard mask pattern as an etching mask to form a first hard mask pattern.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the impurity-doped amorphous silicon includes a pentavalent element as a doped impurity.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the pentavalent element is phosphorus.