Active current monitor
A current monitor for a transmission line having powered active components is provided. A current monitor includes: a housing configured to be coupled to a transmission line, an inductive current sensor in the housing configured to measure a value of the current on the transmission line to generate a sensor signal, a power source, and a sensor signal conversion circuit in the housing configured to receive power from the power source and to generate a current output signal based on the sensor signal, the current output signal having a natively useful form.
1. A current monitor comprising:
a housing configured to be coupled to an electric power line;
an inductive current sensor in the housing configured to measure a value of a current on the electric power line to generate a sensor signal;
a power source; and
a sensor signal conversion circuit in the housing configured to receive power from the power source and to generate a current output signal based on the sensor signal,
wherein:
the power source is the electric power line,
the current monitor comprises a power resistor in the housing, coupled to the electric power line, and configured to generate a power voltage from an electric power line voltage,
the sensor signal conversion circuit is configured to receive the power voltage, and
the sensor signal conversion circuit is configured to utilize the power voltage to generate the current output signal, even when no power is delivered through the electric power line.
2. The current monitor of claim 1 ,
wherein the sensor signal conversion circuit comprises at least one active circuit element powered by the power from the power source, and wherein the sensor signal conversion circuit utilizes the active circuit element for generating the current output signal, and the current output signal represents the current on the electric power line with an error of less than 0.2%.
3. The current monitor of claim 1 , wherein the sensor signal conversion circuit utilizes the received power to generate the current output signal such that the current output signal has a form useable by an output circuit of the current monitor without further processing.
4. The current monitor of claim 1 ,
wherein the sensor signal includes a gain change and a phase shift, and wherein the sensor signal conversion circuit compensates the gain change and the phase shift to generate the current output signal such that the current output signal represents the value of the current on the electric power line with a constant gain and zero phase shift.
5. The current monitor of claim 1 , wherein the inductive current sensor does not fully surround the electric power line.
6. The current monitor of claim 1 , further comprising a voltage sensor in the housing configured to measure a value of a voltage on the electric power line to generate a voltage sensor signal, the sensor signal conversion circuit being further configured to generate a voltage output signal based on the voltage sensor signal.
7. The current monitor of claim 6 , wherein the sensor signal conversion circuit comprises at least one active circuit element powered by the power from the power source, and wherein the sensor signal conversion circuit utilizes the active circuit element for generating the voltage output signal.
8. The current monitor of claim 1 , wherein the sensor signal conversion circuit comprises a temperature conversion circuit powered by the power from the power source, and wherein the sensor signal conversion circuit utilizes the temperature conversion circuit to generate the current output signal.
9. The current monitor of claim 1 , further comprising a sensing resistor in the housing, coupled to the electric power line, and configured to generate a voltage sensor signal, wherein the sensor signal conversion circuit is configured to generate a voltage output signal based on the voltage sensor signal.
10. The current monitor of claim 1 , wherein the current on the electric power line has a power transmission frequency, and wherein the current output signal comprises the value of the current on the electric power line at frequencies other than the power transmission frequency.
11. The current monitor of claim 1 , wherein the current output signal comprises a harmonic component of the current on the electric power line.
12. The current monitor of claim 1 , wherein the housing is an insulator body configured to electrically isolate the electric power line from an electric power line support.
13. The current monitor of claim 1 , further comprising an output circuit configured to communicate the current output signal to an external transceiver.
14. The current monitor of claim 13 , wherein the output circuit comprises a surface acoustic wave device.
15. A current monitor comprising:
a housing configured to be coupled to an electric power line;
an inductive current sensor in the housing configured to measure a value of a current on the electric power line to generate a sensor signal;
a power source; and
a sensor signal conversion circuit in the housing configured to receive power from the power source and to generate a current output signal based on the sensor signal,
wherein:
the power source is the electric power line,
the current monitor comprises a power resistor in the housing, coupled to the electric power line, and configured to generate a power voltage from an electric power line voltage,
the sensor signal conversion circuit is configured to receive the power voltage,
the current monitor further comprises a sensing resistor in the housing coupled to the electric power line configured to generate a voltage sensor signal, wherein the sensor signal conversion circuit is configured to generate a voltage output signal based on the voltage sensor signal, and
the power resistor shields the sensing resistor from noise or environmental temperature variation.
16. The current monitor of claim 15 , further comprising a second sensing resistor in the housing, wherein:
the power resistor shields the second sensing resistor from noise or environmental temperature variation,
the sensing resistor is connected between the electric power line and the second sensing resistor,
the second sensing resistor is connected between the sensing resistor and a common voltage, and
a voltage across the second sensing resistor is utilized to generate the voltage sensor signal.
17. A current monitor comprising:
a housing configured to be coupled to an electric power line;
an inductive current sensor in the housing configured to measure a value of a current on the electric power line to generate a sensor signal;
a power source; and
a sensor signal conversion circuit in the housing configured to receive power from the power source and to generate a current output signal based on the sensor signal,
wherein:
the power source is the electric power line,
the current monitor comprises a power resistor in the housing, coupled to the electric power line, and configured to generate a power voltage from an electric power line voltage,
the sensor signal conversion circuit is configured to receive the power voltage,
the current monitor further comprises a sensing resistor in the housing coupled to the electric power line configured to generate a voltage sensor signal, wherein the sensor signal conversion circuit is configured to generate a voltage output signal based on the voltage sensor signal, and
the sensor signal conversion circuit is configured to utilize the power voltage to generate the voltage output signal, even when no power is delivered through the electric power line.