Symmetrical CCC-NHC pincer metal complexes and symmetrical bimetallic complexes: bio-activity, and applications to organic transformations and energy-related catalytic methods
Provided herein are a symmetrical pincer metal and bimetallic complexes. The symmetrical pincer metal complex includes a structure according to Formula I: wherein M is a metal; each N and N′ is independently nitrogen or carbon; Z is selected from the group consisting of CH, C, and N; n is 0-3; each L is independently a neutral or charged ligand; and each R is independently an alkyl, Nx, CH 2 TMS. The symmetrical bimetallic complex includes a structure according to Formula II: wherein M is a metal; each N and N′ is independently nitrogen or carbon; Z is selected from the group consisting of CH, C, and N; n is 0-3; each L is independently a neutral or charged ligand; and wherein each R is independently an alkyl, Nx, CH 2 TMS. Also provided herein is a method of catalyzing a reaction including administering one or more of the compounds disclosed herein.
1. A method of catalyzing reduction of CO 2 comprising administering a complex having a structure according to Formula I:
wherein M is a transition metal;
wherein each N and N′ is independently nitrogen;
wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of CH, C, and N;
wherein n is 0-3;
wherein each L is independently a neutral or charged ligand;
wherein each R is independently an alkyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl (Nx), or CH 2 Si(CH 3 ) 3 (trimethylsilylmethyl); and
wherein the dashed lines are independently a 6 membered ring including Z and the ortho C, N═CH, or HC═CH.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one L is selected from the group consisting of monodentate, bidentate, and tridentate ligands.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one L is selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, aryl, biaryl, substituted aryl, aryloxy, acetate, trifluoroacetate, and alkoxy.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein at least one L is a halogen.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the alkyl is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, and hexyl.
6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the substituted aryl is a fluoro substituted aryl.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alkyl of R is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, and hexyl.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein M is Ni.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the complex is selected from the group consisting of:
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein M is Pt.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the complex is selected from the group consisting of:
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein M is Pd.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the complex is selected from the group consisting of: