Shadowed grid structures for electrodes in vacuum electronics
Disclosed embodiments include vacuum electronics devices and methods of fabricating a vacuum electronics device. In a non-limiting embodiment, a vacuum electronics device includes: an electrode; a plurality of grid supports disposed on the electrode, each of the plurality of grid supports having a first width; and a plurality of grid lines, each of the plurality of grid lines being supported on an associated one of the plurality of grid supports, each of the plurality of grid lines having a second width that is wider than the first width.
1. A vacuum electronics device comprising:
an electrically conductive substrate having a plurality of pillars patterned therein;
a plurality of grid supports disposed on the plurality of pillars that are defined in the electrically conductive substrate, each of the plurality of grid supports having a first width; and
a plurality of grid lines, each of the plurality of grid lines being supported on an associated one of the plurality of grid supports, each of the plurality of grid lines having a second width that is wider than the first width.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the electrically conductive substrate includes a material chosen from chromium, platinum, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, and tantalum.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of grid supports are patterned in a first film layer that includes a material chosen from a dielectric, an electrical insulator, a ceramic, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and aluminum oxide.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of grid lines are patterned in a second film layer that includes an electrical conductor.
5. The device of claim 4 , wherein the electrical conductor includes a material chosen from chromium, platinum, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, and tantalum.
6. The device of claim 4 , wherein the electrical conductor is disposed within an electrical insulator.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of grid supports and the plurality of grids grid lines include a geometry chosen from a substantially straight line, a curved line, a circle array, a triangle array, and a hexagon array.
8. The device of claim 1 , further comprising:
a layer of electrically conductive material disposed on the plurality of grid lines and the electrically conductive substrate.
9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the electrically conductive substrate is etched between the plurality of grid lines.
10. A vacuum electronics device comprising:
an electrically conductive substrate having a plurality of pillars patterned therein;
a plurality of first grids disposed in a first plane above the plurality of pillars that are defined in the electrically conductive substrate; and
a plurality of second grids disposed above the plurality of first grids in a second plane that is not co-planar with the first plane.
11. The device of claim 10 , further comprising:
a plurality of first grid supports disposed on the plurality of pillars that are defined in the electrically conductive substrate and having a first width, the plurality of first grids being supported on the plurality of first grid supports and having a second width that is wider than the first width; and
a plurality of second grid supports disposed on the plurality of first grids and having a third width, the plurality of second grids being supported on the plurality of second grid supports and having a fourth width that is wider than the third width.
12. A vacuum electronics device comprising:
an electrically conductive substrate having a plurality of pillars patterned therein;
a plurality of first grid supports disposed on top of the plurality of pillars that are defined in the electrically conductive substrate and having a first width;
a plurality of first electrically conductive grids disposed on top of the plurality of first grid supports and having a second width that is wider than the first width;
a plurality of second grid supports disposed on top of the plurality of first grids and having a third width;
and a plurality of second electrically conductive grids disposed on top of the plurality of second grid supports and having a fourth width that is wider than the third width.
13. The device of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of first electrically conductive grids and the plurality of second electrically conductive grids include a conductive material.
14. The device of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of first electrically conductive grids and the plurality of second electrically conductive grids include at least one material chosen from nickel, silicon, platinum, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, copper, and rhenium.
15. The device of claim 12 , wherein the substrate includes a material chosen from chromium, platinum, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, and tantalum.
16. The device of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of first grid supports and plurality of second grid supports are patterned in film layers that include a material chosen from a dielectric, an electrical insulator, a ceramic, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and aluminum oxide.
17. The device of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of first electrically conductive grids and the plurality of second electrically conductive grids are patterned in film layers that include an electrical conductor.
18. The device of claim 17 , wherein the electrical conductor includes a material chosen from chromium, platinum, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, and tantalum.
19. The device of claim 17 , wherein the electrical conductor is disposed within an electrical insulator.
20. The device of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of the plurality of first grid supports and the plurality of second grid supports and the plurality of first electrically conductive grids and the plurality of second electrically conductive grids include a geometry chosen from a substantially straight line, a circle array, and a hexagon array.
21. A vacuum electronics device comprising:
an electrically conductive substrate having a plurality of pillars patterned therein;
a plurality of first grid supports disposed on top of the plurality of pillars that are defined in the electrically conductive substrate and having a first width;
a plurality of first electrically conductive grids disposed on top of the plurality of first grid supports and having a second width that is wider than the first width;
a plurality of second grid supports disposed on top of the plurality of first grids and having a third width;
a plurality of second electrically conductive grids disposed on top of the plurality of second grid supports and having a fourth width that is wider than the third width;
a plurality of third grid supports disposed on top of the plurality of second grids and having a fifth width; and
a plurality of third electrically conductive grids disposed on top of the plurality of third grid supports and having a sixth width that is wider than the fifth width.
22. The device of claim 21 , wherein the electrically conductive substrate includes a material chosen from chromium, platinum, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, and tantalum.
23. The device of claim 21 , wherein the plurality of first grid supports, the plurality of second grid supports, and the plurality of third grid supports are patterned in film layers that include a material chosen from a dielectric, an electrical insulator, a ceramic, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and aluminum oxide.
24. The device of claim 21 , wherein the plurality of first electrically conductive grids, the plurality of second electrically conductive grids, and the plurality of third electrically conductive grids are patterned in film layers that include an electrical conductor.
25. The device of claim 24 , wherein the electrical conductor includes a material chosen from chromium, platinum, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, and tantalum.
26. The device of claim 24 , wherein the electrical conductor is disposed within an electrical insulator.
27. The device of claim 21 , wherein the plurality of the plurality of first grid supports, the plurality of second grid supports, and the plurality of third grid supports and the plurality of first electrically conductive grids, the plurality of second electrically conductive grids, and the plurality of third electrically conductive grids include a geometry chosen from a substantially straight line, a circle array, and a hexagon array.