Method for detecting specific nucleic acid sequences
A method and test kit are useful for detecting specific nucleic acid sequences. The process includes (1) matrix-dependent new synthesis of the target nucleic acid; (2) target-specific probe hybridization; and (3) detection of the hybridization event. In the first step, an oligonucleotide 1, which is marked by a marker 1 and is entirely or partially complementary to the target sequence, acts as a primer in the matrix-dependent new synthesis of the target nucleic acid and, in the second step, an oligonucleotide 2, which is marked by a marker 2 and, owing to its melting temperature being lower than that of the oligonucleotide 1, is not involved in the first step, partially or completely hybridizes with the DNA new synthesis product of oligonucleotide 1.
1. A method for detecting a specific nucleic acid sequence, the method comprising:
a) in a reaction cavity, synthesizing a DNA target nucleic acid comprising a specific nucleic acid sequence in a matrix-dependent de novo manner with a primer and in the presence of a probe and a template of the DNA target nucleic acid, wherein the primer comprises an oligonucleotide 1 labeled with a label 1, the oligonucleotide 1 is completely complementary to the template of the DNA target nucleic acid, wherein the probe hybridizes completely to the DNA target nucleic acid but does not participate in synthesizing the DNA target nucleic acid, wherein the probe comprises an oligonucleotide 2 labeled with a label 2, which has a lower melting temperature than oligonucleotide 1, wherein the oligonucleotide 2 is protected against a 5′→3′-exonuclease activity by phosphorylation of a 3′ OH group of the oligonucleotide 2, wherein the label 1 and the label 2 are a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) pair having a FRET effect, and wherein the probe hybridizes to a location on the DNA target nucleic acid which is synthesized by the primer such that the label 1 of the DNA target nucleic acid and the label 2 of the probe are capable of having FRET effect,
b) detecting, in the reaction cavity, that the probe hybridizes to the location on the DNA target nucleic acid by measuring a decrease in a fluorescence from the label 1 or the label 2 in a real time, thereby detecting the specific nucleic acid sequence.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oligonucleotide 1 or the oligonucleotide 2 is immobilized to a solid phase, and wherein step b) is performed on the solid phase inside of the reaction cavity in which steps a) and b) are performed.
3. The method of claim 1 , step a) further comprising, heating a reaction batch comprising the target nucleic acid, the primer, and the probe in the reaction cavity to a temperature of greater than 90° C., and thereafter cooling the reaction batch to a temperature such that the oligonucleotide 2 is hybridized with the DNA target nucleic acid.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the DNA target nucleic acid is synthesized using a Taq DNA polymerase in step a) and the oligonucleotide 2 is not destroyed by a 5′→3′-exonuclease activity of the Taq DNA polymerase during step a), but instead remains in the reaction cavity after step a).
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein step b) is performed only after step a) is finished.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the FRET pair is selected from the group consisting of:
fluorescein isothiocyanate/tetramethyl-6-carboxyrhodamine (FITC/TAMRA),
fluorescein amidite/TAMRA (FAM/TAMRA), and
FAM/black hole quencher-1 (FAM/BHQ1).
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the melting temperature of the oligonucleotide 2 is 5° C. to 15° C. lower than the melting temperature of the oligonucleotide 1.
8. A method for detecting a specific nucleic acid sequence, the method comprising:
a) in a reaction cavity, synthesizing a DNA target nucleic acid comprising a specific nucleic acid sequence in a matrix-dependent de novo manner with a primer and in the presence of a probe and a template of the DNA target nucleic acid, wherein the primer comprises an oligonucleotide 1 labeled with a label 1, the oligonucleotide 1 is completely complementary to the template of the DNA target nucleic acid, wherein the probe hybridizes completely to the DNA target nucleic acid but does not participate in synthesizing the DNA target nucleic acid, wherein the probe comprises an oligonucleotide 2 labeled with a label 2, which has a lower melting temperature than oligonucleotide 1 by 5° C. to 15° C., wherein the oligonucleotide 2 is protected against a 5′→3′-exonuclease activity by phosphorylation of a 3′ OH group of the oligonucleotide 2, wherein the label 1 and the label 2 are a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) pair having a FRET effect, and wherein the probe hybridizes to a location on the DNA target nucleic acid which is synthesized by the primer such that the label 1 of the DNA target nucleic acid and label 2 of the probe are capable of having the FRET effect, and
b) detecting, in the reaction cavity, that the probe hybridizes to the location on the DNA target nucleic acid by measuring a decrease in a fluorescence from the label 1 or the label 2 in a real time, thereby detecting the specific nucleic acid sequence.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the FRET pair is FAM/black hole quencher-1 (FAM/BHQ1).