Dispersion structuring agent
Disclosed is a novel method of making a structuring agent for edible dispersions such as margarines or spreads. Fat, or another structuring component, is subjected to a process involving mixing it with liquefied gas or supercritical gas, and expanding the mixture through an orifice. In the invention, water is added to the mixture prior to expansion, so as to provide a spray liquid in the form of a fat and water emulsion.
1. A method for making a composition suitable for use as a dispersion structuring agent, the method comprising:
a) preparing a spray liquid comprising:
a structuring component comprising a fat in a liquid state,
a gas in a liquefied or supercritical state distributed in the spray liquid, and
an emulsifier;
b) subjecting the spray liquid to a first pressure P 1 ;
c) adding water to the spray liquid subjected to the first pressure P 1 prior to spraying to form a spray liquid mixture comprising an oil-in-water emulsion of the structuring component and water, wherein the water in the spray liquid mixture comprises from 50 to 80 wt. %; and
d) expanding the spray liquid mixture by spraying it through an orifice to an environment having a second pressure P 2 , with P 1 >P 2 ;
wherein the dispersion structuring agent comprises fat and water.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition suitable for use as a dispersion structuring agent has a powder density of from 0.16 g/ml to 0.34 g/ml.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water in the spray liquid mixture comprises 60 to 70 wt. %.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein P 1 is 5-40 MPa and P 2 is ambient pressure.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the expanding step, the spraying is conducted by means of a spray-jet wherein the spray liquid is at least partially solidified.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gas is supercritical carbon dioxide.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water in the composition is the sole source of water in the emulsion.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the expanding step d) the spray liquid is solidified by spraying the spray liquid mixture through the orifice, and the method further comprises removing water from the structuring agent when the structuring component of the spray liquid is solidified to obtain a solid fat or solid fat particles.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dispersion is a margarine.
10. A mixture comprising (a) an oil and (b) the dispersion structuring agent of claim 1 comprising fat and water.
11. The mixture of claim 10 , wherein the fat content in the mixture ranges from 2.5-20% by weight.
12. The mixture of claim 10 , wherein the mixture is dispersed with water.
13. The mixture of claim 10 , wherein the fat content in the mixture ranges from 5-15% by weight.
14. A method for making a stabilized oil-containing dispersion, comprising the following steps:
a) making a structuring agent, comprising the steps of:
i) preparing a spray liquid comprising: a structuring component in a liquid state, a gas in a liquefied or supercritical state distributed in the spray liquid, and an emulsifier, the structuring component being a fat;
ii) subjecting the spray liquid to a first pressure P 1 ;
iii) adding water to the spray liquid subjected to the first pressure P 1 prior to spraying to form an oil-in-water emulsion of the structuring component and water as a spray liquid mixture, wherein the water in the spray liquid mixture comprises from 50 to 80 wt. %; and
iv) expanding the spray liquid mixture by spraying it through an orifice to an environment having a second pressure P 2 , with P 1 >P 2 ;
b) mixing oil and the structuring agent to prepare an oil-structuring agent mixture; and
c) mixing the oil-structuring agent mixture with an aqueous phase to form a dispersion, wherein the dispersion comprises fat and water.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the structuring agent has a powder density of from 0.16 g/ml to 0.34 g/ml.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein P 1 is 5-40 MPa and P 2 is ambient pressure.
17. The method of claim 14 , wherein in the expanding step, the spraying is conducted by means of a spray-jet wherein the spray liquid is at least partially solidified.
18. The method of claim 14 , wherein the water in the spray liquid mixture comprises from 60 to 70 wt. %.
19. The method of claim 14 , wherein the gas is supercritical carbon dioxide.