Pneumatic powered mobility devices

1. A personal mobility wheelchair or scooter comprising:

a frame;

a plurality of wheels attached to the frame;

one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors, each of the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors having a drive shaft in operative connection with at least one of the plurality of wheels, wherein the at least one of the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors is in operative connection with the at least one of the plurality of wheels via a gear system comprising a first gear in operative connection with the drive shaft of the at least one of the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors and a second gear in operative connection with an axle about which the at least one of the plurality of wheel rotates, the gear system having a conversion ratio in the range of 1.5:1.0 to 1.0:1.5, and wherein the second gear is in operative connection with a differential;

at least one tank for storage of a pressurized gas in operative connection with the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors to supply the pressurized gas to the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors; and

a control system in operative connection with the at least one tank and with the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors, the control system comprising a flow control valve in fluid connection with the at least one tank and the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors to provide a maximum velocity of 2.7 m/s for the personal mobility wheelchair or a scooter, wherein a cumulative maximum torque for the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors is at least 16 Nm.

2. The personal mobility wheelchair or scooter of claim 1 wherein the cumulative maximum torque for the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors is at least 32 Nm.

3. The personal mobility wheelchair or scooter of claim 1 wherein the cumulative maximum torque for the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors is at least 64 Nm.

4. The personal mobility wheelchair or scooter of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of tanks for storage of the pressurized gas connected in series and having a pressure of at least 17.2 MPa in operative connection with the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors.

5. The personal mobility wheelchair or scooter of claim 4 wherein the plurality of tanks stores the pressurized gas at a pressure of at least 31 MPa.

6. The personal mobility wheelchair or scooter of claim 1 wherein a maximum rotation speed of the drive shafts of the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors is less than 1000 rpm.

7. The personal mobility wheelchair or scooter of claim 1 wherein a maximum rotation speed of the drive shafts of the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors is less than 600 rpm.

8. The personal mobility wheelchair or scooter of claim 1 wherein the differential is a limited slip differential.

9. The personal mobility wheelchair or scooter of claim 1 wherein the at least one of the plurality of wheels is positioned at a rear of the frame.

10. The personal mobility wheelchair or scooter of claim 1 wherein the personal mobility device is a wheelchair or a scooter.

11. The personal mobility wheelchair or scooter of claim 1 wherein the personal mobility device is a power assisted wheelchair and at least one of the plurality of wheels is further powerable under manual power.

12. The personal mobility wheelchair or scooter of claim 11 wherein the control system comprises an activatable valve control which is activated by at least one of an acceleration threshold or an inclination threshold in operative connection with the at least one of the plurality of wheels.

13. The personal mobility wheelchair or scooter of claim 1 wherein the control system comprises a directional control valve.

14. The personal mobility wheelchair or scooter of claim 1 wherein an operating pressure of the pressurized gas supplied to the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors is in a range of 0.34 MPa (50 psi) to 1.03 (150 psi).

15. A method of providing powered drive to a personal mobility wheelchair or scooter including a frame and a plurality of wheels attached to the frame, comprising:

providing one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors, each of the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors having a drive shaft in operative connection with at least one of the plurality of wheels, wherein the at least one of the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors is in operative connection with the at least one of the plurality of wheels via a gear system comprising a first gear in operative connection with the drive shaft of the at least one of the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors and a second gear in operative connection with an axle about which the at least one of the plurality of wheel rotates, the gear system having a conversion ratio in the range of 1.5:1.0 to 1.0:1.5, and wherein the second gear is in operative connection with a differential;

providing at least one tank for storage of a pressurized gas in operative connection with the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors to supply the pressurized gas to the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors;

providing a control system in operative connection with the at least one tank and with the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors, wherein a cumulative maximum torque for the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors is at least 16 Nm, the control system comprising a flow control valve in fluid connection with the at least one tank and the one or more rotary piston pneumatic motors to provide a maximum velocity of 2.7 m/s for the personal mobility wheelchair or scooter; and

and controlling the control system to provide a maximum velocity of 2.7 m/s.