Treatment method using a beam of singly- or multiply-charged gas ions in order to produce colored metals
The disclosure relates to a treatment method for coloring a metal that includes a) bombardment of the metal with a beam of singly- or multiply-charged gas ions produced by an electron cyclotron resonance source; b) heat treatment in ambient air so as to color the implanted metal using a temperature between 100° C. and 400° C. and an exposure time of between 1 minute and 4 hours.
1. A treatment process for coloring a metal, comprising:
a) bombarding the metal with a beam of mono- and multicharged ions of a gas produced by an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) source, wherein:
a dose of mono- and multicharged ions of the gas implanted per unit of surface area by the bombardment is in a range of between 10 16 ions/cm 2 and 10 19 ions/cm 2 ,
a single acceleration voltage is applied, said single acceleration voltage has a value in a range of between 5 kV and 1000 kV; and
b) performing a heat treatment for coloring the implanted metal, wherein:
the heat treatment is performed at a temperature of between 100° C. and 600° C. for an exposure time of between 1 min and 4 hours.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mono- and multicharged ions of the gas of the beam of ions are ions of the elements selected from the group consisting of helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr) and xenon (Xe).
3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mono- and multicharged ions of the gas of the beam of ions are ions of the gases selected from the group consisting of nitrogen (N 2 ) and oxygen (O 2 ).
4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mono- and multicharged ions of the gas are all ions of one and the same atomic compound.
5. The process as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the atomic compound is a gas at ambient temperature.
6. The process of claim 4 , wherein the mono- and multicharged ions of the gas from all ions of one and the same atom or of one and the same diatomic molecule.
7. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the beam of mono- and multicharged ions of the gas comprises 10% of multicharged ions or more than 10% of multicharged ions.
8. The process of claim 7 , wherein the beam of mono- and multicharged ions of the gas comprises 30% of multicharged ions or more than 30% of multicharged ions.
9. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the heat treatment is carried out in ambient air.
10. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the acceleration voltage is chosen in order to obtain an implanted thickness equal to p* 100 nm, where p is an integer.
11. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of steels, titanium alloys, aluminum alloys, cobalt alloys, copper alloys and gold alloys.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the metal is a bulk metal part selected from the group consisting of a watch part, a place setting and a jewel.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the heat treatment is performed a temperature of between 100° C. and 400° C.
14. A treatment process for coloring a metal, comprising:
a) bombarding the metal with a beam of mono-and multicharged ions of a gas produced by an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) source, wherein:
the dose of mono- and multicharged ions of the gas implanted per unit of surface area by the bombardment is in a range of between 10 16 ions/cm 2 and 10 19 ions/cm 2 , and the dose of mono- and multicharged ions of the gas which are implanted per unit of surface area is chosen in order to achieve an atomic concentration of implanted ions of greater than or equal to 10%, and
an acceleration voltage is in a range between 5 KV and 1000 kV; and
b) performing a heat treatment for coloring the implanted metal, wherein:
the heat treatment is performed at a temperature of between 100° C. and 600° C. for an exposure time of between 1 min and 4 hours.
15. A treatment process for coloring a metal, comprising:
a) bombarding the metal with a beam of mono- and multicharged ions of a gas produced by an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) source, wherein:
the metal is movable with respect to the beam of mono- and multicharged ions of the gas at a rate, V D , of between 0.1 mm/s and 1000 mm/s
a dose of mono- and multicharged ions of the gas implanted per unit of surface area by the bombardment is in a range of between 10 16 ions/cm 2 and 10 19 ions/cm 2 , and
an acceleration voltage is in a range of between 5 kV and 1000 kV; and
b) performing a heat treatment for coloring the implanted metal, wherein:
the heat treatment is performed at a temperature of between 100° C. and 600° C. for an exposure time of between 1 min and 4 hours.
16. The process as claimed in claim 15 , wherein one and the same region of the metal is moved under the beam of mono- and multicharged ions of the gas according to a plurality, N, of passes at the rate V D .