Heat-expandable microspheres and applications thereof
Heat-expandable microspheres having a thermoplastic resin shell and a thermally-vaporizable blowing agent encapsulated therein. The thermoplastic resin is a copolymer produced from a polymerizable component containing 15 to 90 wt % of acrylonitrile, 3 to 50 wt % of an acrylate ester monomer (A) represented by formula (1) shown below, and 3 to 70 wt % of a methacrylate ester monomer (B) represented by formula (2) shown below. The weight ratio of the acrylate ester monomer (A) represented by formula (1) to the methacrylate ester monomer (B) represented by formula (2) in the polymerizable component (A:B) ranges from 10:90 to 90:10: H 2 C═CH—COOR 1 (1) H 2 C═C(CH 3 )—COOR 2 (2). Also disclosed are hollow particles manufactured by expanding the heat-expandable microspheres; a composition containing a base compound and the heat-expandable microspheres or the hollow particles; and a formed product manufactured by molding or applying the composition.
1. Heat-expandable microspheres having a core-shell structure comprising a thermoplastic resin shell and a thermally-vaporizable blowing agent encapsulated therein;
wherein a mean particle size of the heat-expandable microspheres ranges from 1 to 50 μm,
wherein the thermoplastic resin of the thermoplastic resin shell is a copolymer produced from a polymerizable component containing 15 to 90 wt % of acrylonitrile, 3 to 50 wt % of an acrylate ester monomer (A) represented by formula (1), and 3 to 70 wt % of a methacrylate ester monomer (B) represented by formula (2);
wherein a total amount of acrylonitrile, the acrylate ester monomer (A) represented by formula (1) and the methacrylate ester monomer (B) represented by formula (2) in the polymerizable component ranges from 80 to 100 wt %;
wherein a weight ratio of the acrylate ester monomer (A) represented by the formula (1) to the methacrylate ester monomer (B) represented by the formula (2) in the polymerizable component (A:B) ranges from 10:90 to 90:10:
H 2 C═CH—COOR 1 (1)
where R 1 is a C 3 -C 18 linear or branched alkyl group;
H 2 C═C(CH 3 )—COOR 2 (2)
where R 2 represents a methyl or ethyl group, and
wherein an expansion-initiation temperature of the heat-expandable microspheres is 50 to 87° C.
2. The heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the total amount of acrylonitrile, the acrylate ester monomer (A) represented by formula (1) and the methacrylate ester monomer (B) represented by formula (2) in the polymerizable component ranges from 90 to 100 wt %.
3. The heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the acrylate ester monomer (A) represented by formula (1) is at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of n-propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate, n-pentyl acrylate and n-hexyl acrylate.
4. The heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the methacrylate ester monomer (B) represented by formula (2) is methyl methacrylate.
5. The heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 , wherein an amount of methacrylonitrile in the polymerizable component ranges from 0 to less than 5 wt %.
6. The heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 , wherein an amount of vinylidene chloride in the polymerizable component ranges from 0 to less than 10 wt %.
7. Hollow particles manufactured by expanding the heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 .
8. A composition containing a base component and the heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 .
9. A formed product manufactured by molding or applying the composition as claimed in claim 8 .
10. A composition containing a base component and the hollow particles as claimed in claim 7 .
11. A formed product manufactured by molding or applying the composition as claimed in claim 10 .
12. The heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the thermally-vaporizable blowing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of straight-chain hydrocarbons, branched hydrocarbons and alicyclic hydrocarbons.
13. The heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic resin of the thermoplastic resin shell is a copolymer produced from a polymerizable component containing 54.9 to 90 wt % of acrylonitrile, 3 to 40 wt % of an acrylate ester monomer (A) represented by formula (1), and 3 to 40 wt % of a methacrylate ester monomer (B) represented by formula (2).
14. The heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of the acrylate ester monomer (A) represented by the formula (1) to the methacrylate ester monomer (B) represented by the formula (2) in the polymerizable component (A:B) ranges from 30:70 to 90:10.
15. The heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic resin of the thermoplastic resin shell is a copolymer produced from a polymerizable component containing 15 to 60 wt % of acrylonitrile, 5 to 50 wt % of an acrylate ester monomer (A) represented by formula (1), and 35 to 70 wt % of a methacrylate ester monomer (B) represented by formula (2).
16. The heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the expansion-initiation temperature of the heat-expandable microspheres is 50 to 85° C.