Liquid modifier as carrier system for CFAs in foamed polystyrenes
The invention relates to a liquid formulation for foaming a thermoplastic polystyrene, said formulation comprising a) a liquid carrier; and b) at least one endothermic chemical blowing agent selected from the group consisting of dicarboxylic acids, tricarboxylic acids, salts of dicarboxylic acids, salts of tricarboxylic acids, esters of dicarboxylic acids and esters of tricarboxylic acids.
1. A liquid formulation for foaming a thermoplastic polystyrene, said formulation comprising
a) 25-90 wt. %, based on the total weight of the liquid formulation, of a liquid carrier; and
b) 10 to 75 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the liquid formulation, of at least one endothermic chemical blowing agent selected from the group consisting of tricarboxylic acids, salts of tricarboxylic acids, oxalic acid, oxalic acid salts, succinic acid, succinic acid salts, adipic acid, adipic acid salts, phthalic acid, and phthalic acid salts;
wherein the liquid formulation does not include a (bi)carbonate foaming agent,
and wherein the liquid carrier is selected from paraffinum liquidum, acetylated monoglyceride, or a mixture thereof.
2. The formulation as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the formulation is a dispersion and wherein the endothermic chemical blowing agent is dispersed in the liquid carrier.
3. The formulation as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the endothermic chemical blowing agent is selected from the group consisting of succinic acid, succinic acid salts, adipic acid, adipic acid salts, phthalic acid, phthalic acid salts, citric acid, and citric acid salts.
4. The formulation as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the endothermic chemical blowing agent is selected from the group consisting of citric acid, and citric acid salts.
5. The formulation as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the liquid carrier comprises an aqueous medium, an organic solvent-based medium, an oil-based medium or a combination thereof.
6. The formulation as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the liquid carrier comprises a vegetable oil, a mineral oil, an acetylated monoglyceride, a sorbitan oleate, an ethoxylated sorbitan oleate or a mixture thereof.
7. The formulation as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising customary additives selected from the group consisting of colorants, stabilizers, antioxidants, antibacterial agents, neutralizers, antistatic agents, antiblocking agents, optical brighteners, heavy metal inactivation agents, hydrophobic agents, peroxides, water scavengers, acid scavengers, hydrotalcites, elastomers, impact modifiers, laser marking additives, processing aids and mixtures thereof.
8. The formulation as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising
c) 0.0001 to 15 wt.-% of customary additives,
based on the total weight (100%) of the liquid formulation.
9. The formulation as claimed in claim 1 , comprising
a) 30 to 60 wt.-% of a liquid carrier,
b) 70 to 40 wt.-%, of the at least one endothermic chemical blowing agent, and optionally
c) 0.1 to 7.5 wt.-% of customary additives,
based on the total weight (100%) of the liquid formulation.
10. A foamed thermoplastic polystyrene material foamed by a liquid formulation as claimed in claim 1 .
11. A method of making a polystyrene foam material comprising the step of contacting a thermoplastic polystyrene and a liquid formulation according to claim 1 during melt processing under such conditions that the liquid formulation produces gas which foams the polystyrene.
12. The method as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the thermoplastic polystyrene is a styrene homopolymer, an alkylstyrene homopolymer, a high-impact polystyrene or a mixture thereof.
13. A liquid formulation for foaming a thermoplastic polystyrene, said formulation comprising:
a) 25-90 wt. %, based on total weight of the liquid formulation, of a liquid carrier selected from paraffinum liquidum, acetylated monoglyceride, or a mixture thereof; and
b) 10-75 wt. %, based on total weight of the liquid formulation, of at least one endothermic chemical blowing agent selected from succinic acid, succinic acid salts, succinic acid esters, adipic acid, adipic acid salts, adipic acid esters, phthalic acid, phthalic acid salts, phthalic acid esters, citric acid, citric acid salts, or citric acid esters;
wherein the liquid formulation is a dispersion and wherein the endothermic chemical blowing agent is dispersed in the liquid carrier.
14. The formulation as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the endothermic chemical blowing agent is selected from the group consisting of succinic acid, succinic acid salts, adipic acid, adipic acid salts, phthalic acid, phthalic acid salts, citric acid, and citric acid salts.
15. The formulation as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the endothermic chemical blowing agent is selected from the group consisting of citric acid, and citric acid salts.
16. A foamed thermoplastic polystyrene material foamed by a liquid formulation as claimed in claim 13 .