Method for voting using concatenated signatures
In a method for voting using concatenated signatures, a plurality M of replicants for generating M redundant messages, where M≥2, and a plurality N of voter modules, where N≥2, are provided. Each voter module has a voter for voting the redundant messages and a crypto unit with a private key fragment for signing a message. The redundant messages of the replicants are transmitted to each voter module, so that the voter of each voter module generates a voted message on the basis of the redundant messages. N private key fragments are used to generate signatures for the voted messages that are checked by a public key of a reception unit. In the event of a successful check, the repeatedly voted message is accepted.
1. A method for voting using concatenated signatures, which comprises the following steps of:
a) providing a plurality M of replicants for generating M redundant messages, where M≥2;
b) providing a plurality N of voter modules, where N≥2, wherein each of the voter modules has a voter for voting the redundant messages and a crypto unit with a private key fragment for signing a message;
c) transferring the redundant messages of the replicants to each of the voter modules, so that the voter of each of the voter modules generates a voted message on a basis of the redundant messages;
d) producing a 1st signature of a 1st voted message by means of a 1st voter module of the voter modules with a 1st private key fragment, if the 1st voter generates the 1st voted message;
e) transferring an n'th signature and an n'th voted message from an n'th voter module of the voter modules to an (n+1)'th voter module of the voter modules;
f) comparing a message voted by an (n+1)'th voter with the n'th voted message and producing a (n+1)'th signature on the n'th signature with a (n+1)th private key fragment of the (n+1)'th voter module if the 1st voted message agrees with an (n+1)'th voted message;
g) performing the steps e) and f) in ascending sequence for each n where 1≤n≤(N−1);
h) transferring the n'th signature and the n'th voted message to a receiver unit; and
i) accepting the n'th voted message by a receiver crypto unit, if the receiver crypto unit successfully checks the n'th signature with a public key.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein all private key fragments differ from one another.
3. The method according to claim 2 , which further comprises:
producing a private key by multiplying the private key fragments in a residue class; and
multiplying the public key by the private key in a residue class 1 , wherein as a result an original hash value or an original message is obtained again.
4. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises forming signatures on a hash value of the message.
5. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises commutatively calculating a private key from the private key fragments.
6. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises synchronizing in time a transfer of the voted message of the n'th voter module to the (n+1)th voter module with a transfer of the redundant messages of the plurality of replicants to the (n+1)th voter module, wherein 1≤n≤(N−1).
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein each said voter is separated from other voters.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein voters are embodied as discriminator voters or as majority voters.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein each said voter does not generate the message or a negative message if the voter is not able to form a voted message.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a transfer of voted messages from the n'th voter module to the (n+1)'th voter module proceeds without interruption, wherein 1≤n≤(N−1).
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein with each redundant message a respective replicant is identified in a safety-related manner.
12. An apparatus for performing a method for voting using concatenated signatures, the apparatus comprising:
a plurality M of replicants for generating M redundant messages, where M≥2;
a plurality N of voter modules, where N≥2, wherein each of said voter modules has a voter for voting the redundant messages and a private key fragment for signing a message, wherein inputs of each said voter are connected with outputs of each replicant;
an output of each n'th voter module of said voter modules is connected to an input of each (n+1)'th voter module of said voter modules for transmitting voted messages and signatures, wherein 1≤n≤(N−1);
a receiver unit for receiving a signature and voted message output by said n'th voter module and checks an n'th signature with a public key.
13. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium containing computer executable instructions, the computer executable instructions being loaded into a memory of a data processing facility for performing the method according to claim 1 for voting using the concatenated signatures.