Methods for producing ferric maltol compositions from ferrous hydroxides
Methods for producing ferric maltol compositions, such as ferric trimaltol, from ferrous hydroxides, are described, as well as ferric maltol compositions produced by these methods and their uses.
1. A method for producing a ferric maltol composition comprising reacting ferrous hydroxide with maltol and recovering the ferric maltol that forms.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the ferric maltol is ferric trimaltol.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the ferrous hydroxide is ligand modified ferrous hydroxide or ligand coated ferrous hydroxide.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the ferrous hydroxide is in the form of a colloid or gel.
5. The method according to any claim 1 , further comprising producing the ferrous hydroxide.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the reducing environment is an oxygen depleted environment.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the maltol is in the form of a slurry or suspension of maltol.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction of the ferrous hydroxide oxidises to produce ferric hydroxide that is then complexed by maltol to form ferric maltol.
9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the complexation of the ferric hydroxide releases hydroxyl ions, leading to further dissolution of maltol in the slurry or suspension.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method comprises a pre-neutralisation step for removing hydrolytic metal ions, such as ferric iron (Fe 3+ ), aluminium (Al 3+ ) and chromium (Cr 3+ ) prior to producing the ferrous hydroxide.
11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the pre-neutralisation step comprises adjusting the pH of the reaction be below the pH at which less than 10% of the ferrous ions convert to ferrous hydroxide and above the pH at which the hydrolytic metal ions precipitate.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method is carried out under fully aqueous conditions.
13. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the initial step of producing the ferrous hydroxide.
14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the ferrous hydroxide is obtained from ferrous chloride or ferrous sulphate.
15. The method according to claim 13 , comprising producing the ferrous hydroxide from elemental iron, and optionally removing unreacted iron with a magnet.
16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the elemental iron is dissolved in a strong mineral acid, such as hydrochloric acid.
17. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the ferric maltol is produced in a single vessel.
18. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising separating, and optionally drying the ferric maltol composition.
19. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising purifying and/or formulating the ferric maltol composition.
20. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising mixing the ferric maltol composition with one or more excipients.
21. The method according to claim 1 , comprising the steps of:
(a) preparing a ferrous iron solution from a ferrous iron salt;
(b) precipitating ferrous hydroxide slurry by raising pH; also optionally under an oxygen free or reduced oxygen atmosphere;
(c) after step (a) or (b), optionally ligand doping or ligand coating the ferrous hydroxide;
(d) optionally removing and discarding a soluble fraction containing unused reactants or unwanted solutes, such as chloride or sodium or potassium;
(e) optionally washing the retained pellet with water;
(f) re-suspending the pellet in water, or other appropriate solvents or solvent mixtures, and optionally adjusting pH;
(g) reacting the ferrous hydroxide slurry with an alkaline solution or slurry of maltol to produce ferric maltol optionally in the presence of a reaction promoting material;
(h) recovering and optionally washing the ferric maltol; and
(i) optionally drying the ferric maltol.
22. The method according to claim 21 , wherein the ferric maltol is ferric trimaltol.
23. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising formulating the ferric maltol composition for oral administration to a subject.
24. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the reaction is carried out in a reducing environment.
25. The method according to claim 21 , wherein the ferrous iron salt is ferrous chloride.