Methods of treating cancer using cell based therapies
This disclosure relates to compositions and methods of reversing senescence in T cells by interrupting vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) signaling and/or inhibiting phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3 kinase) inhibitor signaling and uses in managing cancer and chronic viral infections. In certain embodiments, the disclosure contemplates methods of reversing T cell senescence by mixing T cell in vitro with an agent that prevents VIP from interacting with VIP receptors and/or a PI3 Kinase inhibitor. In certain embodiments, the disclosure contemplates the expansion of senescent T cells by mixing with a PI3 kinase inhibitor, an agent that block VIP and VIP receptor signaling, a VIP degrading enzyme, and combinations thereof.
1. An in vitro method of replicating anergic T cells, said method comprising
culturing an isolated CD28 − CD27 − anergic T cells in a medium containing an effective amount of anti-CD3 antibodies and anti-CD28 antibodies in combination with a phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase inhibitor and a vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptor antagonist for a sufficient time to produce CD28 + CD27 + and/or CD28 + CD27 − replicated T cells having increased expression of CD28 compared with levels prior to replication, thereby providing replicated T cells.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the replicated CD28+CD27+ and the replicated CD28+CD27− T cells express a chimeric antigen receptor on the surface of the cells.
3. A method of treating a cancer in a subject, said method comprising:
(i) purifying T cells from the subject providing isolated anergic T cells, wherein the isolated anergic T cells are CD28 − CD27 − T cells;
(ii) culturing the isolated CD28 − CD27 − anergic T cells in a medium containing an effective amount of anti-CD3 antibodies and anti-CD28 antibodies in combination with a phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase inhibitor and a vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptor antagonist for a sufficient time to produce CD28 + CD27 + replicated T cells having increased expression of CD28 compared with levels prior to replication; and
(iii) administering an effective amount of the CD28+CD27+ replicated T cells from step (ii) to the subject, thereby treating the cancer, and wherein the cancer is leukemia or lymphoma.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the CD28+CD27+ replicated T cells express a chimeric antigen receptor on the surface of the cells.
5. The method of claim 3 , further comprising administering a PI3 kinase inhibitor to the subject before, during, or after administering the CD28+CD27+ replicated T cells.
6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the PI3 kinase inhibitor is idelalisib.
7. The method of claim 3 , wherein the PI3 kinase inhibitor is duvelisib.
8. The method of claim 3 , wherein the PI3 kinase inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of wortmannin, demethoxyviridin, perifosine, buparlisib, copanlisib, and alpelisib.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the PI3 kinase inhibitor is idelalisib.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the PI3 kinase inhibitor is duvelisib.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the PI3 kinase inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of wortmannin, demethoxyviridin, perifosine, buparlisib, copanlisib, and alpelisib.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anti-CD3 antibodies and anti-CD28 antibodies are immobilized on a bead or solid surface.
13. The method of claim 3 , wherein the anti-CD 3 antibodies and anti-CD28 antibodies are immobilized on a bead or solid surface.