Method for producing retinal tissue

1. A method for producing retinal progenitor cells comprising the following steps (a)-(c):

(a) a first step of culturing pluripotent stem cells in the absence of feeder cells in a medium containing (1) a TGFβ family signal transduction pathway inhibiting substance and/or a Sonic hedgehog signal transduction pathway activating substance, and (2) a factor for maintaining undifferentiated state, wherein at least 60% of the cells obtained in the first step are Oct3/4 positive stem cells,

(b) a second step of dispersing the cells obtained in the first step and culturing the dispersed cells in suspension in a medium containing a Wnt signal transduction pathway inhibiting substance to form a cell aggregate, and

(c) a third step of culturing the aggregate obtained in the second step in suspension in the presence or absence of a Wnt signal transduction pathway inhibiting substance in a medium containing a BMP signal transduction pathway activating substance until retinal progenitor cells appear to obtain an aggregate containing retinal progenitor cells,

wherein the TGFβ family signal transduction pathway inhibiting substance is selected from the group consisting of Lefty, SB431542, A-83-01, LDN193189, and Dorsomorphin,

wherein the Sonic hedgehog signal transduction pathway activating substance is selected from the group consisting of Shh, SAG, and Purmorphamine,

wherein the Wnt signal transduction pathway inhibiting substance is selected from the group consisting of CKI-7, D4476, IWR-1-endo, and IWP-2, and

wherein the BMP signal transduction pathway activating substance is selected from the group consisting of BMP2, BMP4, BMP7, and GDF7.

2. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the pluripotent stem cells are cultured for 0.5 hr-144 hr in the first step.

3. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the culturing in the first step is performed by adhesion culture.

4. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the factor for maintaining undifferentiated state is one or more proteins selected from the group consisting of bFGF, FGF4, FGF8, EGF, Nodal, Activin A, Activin B, TGFβ31, and TGFβ132.

5. The production method according to claim 4 , wherein the factor for maintaining the undifferentiated state is bFGF.

6. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the medium used for suspension culture in the second step further comprises a Sonic hedgehog signal transduction pathway activating substance selected from the group consisting of Shh, SAG, and Purmorphamine.

7. The production method according to claim 6 , wherein the pluripotent stem cells are human pluripotent stem cells and, in the second step, the concentration of the Sonic hedgehog signal transduction pathway activating substance in the medium is a concentration corresponding to Sonic hedgehog signal transduction activity of SAG at 10 nM to 700 nM.

8. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the TGFβ family signal transduction pathway inhibiting substance is one or more substances selected from the group consisting of Lefty, SB431542, A-83-01 and LDN193189.

9. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein, in the third step, the BMP signal transduction pathway activating substance is added to the medium between day 1 and day 9 from the start of the second step.

10. The production method according to claim 9 , wherein, in the third step, the BMP signal transduction pathway activating substance is added to the medium between day 1 and day 6 from the start of the second step.

11. The production method according to claim 10 , wherein, in the third step, the BMP signal transduction pathway activating substance is added to the medium between day 1 and day 3 from the start of the second step.

12. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the BMP signal transduction pathway activating substance is BMP4.

13. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein, in the third step, the concentration of the Sonic hedgehog signal transduction pathway activating substance in the medium is not more than a concentration corresponding to Sonic hedgehog signal transduction activity of SAG at 700 nM.

14. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the culturing is performed in a medium containing a Wnt signal transduction pathway inhibiting substance for 3 days to for 18 days from the start of the second step.

15. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the culturing is performed in a medium containing a Wnt signal transduction pathway inhibiting substance for 10 days from the start of the second step.

16. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the Wnt signal transduction pathway inhibiting substance is IWR-1-endo.

17. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the pluripotent stem cells are human pluripotent stem cells.

18. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the pluripotent stem cells are induced pluripotent stem cells.

19. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein a uniformed aggregate is formed in the second step.

20. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the suspension culture is performed in the absence of a basement membrane preparation.

21. A method for producing an aggregate comprising one or more cells selected from the group consisting of neural retinal progenitor cells, photoreceptor cells, rod photoreceptor cells, cone photoreceptor cells, horizontal cells, bipolar cells, amacrine cells, retinal ganglion cells, and retinal pigment epithelial cells comprising the following steps (a) and (b):

(a) producing an aggregate comprising retinal progenitor cells by the method of claim 1 , and

(b) suspension culturing of the aggregate obtained in step (a).

22. A method for producing a retinal tissue comprising the following steps (i) and (ii):

(i) producing an aggregate comprising one or more cells selected from the group consisting of neural retinal progenitor cells, photoreceptor cells, rod photoreceptor cells, cone photoreceptor cells, horizontal cells, bipolar cells, amacrine cells, retinal ganglion cells, and retinal pigment epithelial cells by the method of claim 21 ; and

(ii) cutting out a retinal tissue from the aggregate obtained in step (i).