Optical output device and design method
An optical output device comprises a plate having at least one surface formed as an array of tessellated lenses. The tessellated lenses comprise at least first and second regions of regular hexagonal lens tessellation, wherein the first and second regions are slanted with respect to each other. By removing full periodicity in this way, but maintaining localized periodicity, visible non-uniformities are reduced in both color and intensity. The optical output device does not need to be illuminated uniformly to generate an output without visible intensity or color edges.
1. An optical output device for receiving incident light and providing output light, comprising:
a plate having a first main surface for receiving the incident light and a second opposing surface for providing the output light, wherein at least one of the first and second surfaces comprises a tessellated surface of tessellated lenses,
wherein the tessellated lenses comprise at least first and second regio of hexagonal lenses wherein within each region all hexagons are regular hexagons of the same size and the same angular orientation with respect to each other, wherein the first and second regions have a relative rotation angle (θ) between them, of the lenses about a normal to the tessellated surface, with 0<θ<30 degrees, said relative rotational angle is a smallest angle between a side of one hexagonal pattern and a most aligned side of the other hexagonal pattern wherein the first and second regions comprise at least five different regions with essentially random relative angles between said different regions and wherein each region comprises at least seven tessellated lenses of a central hexagon and six surrounding hexagons.
2. A device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the lenses have a spherical surface profile or an aspherical surface profile.
3. A device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the lenses each have the same surface profile.
4. A device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first main surface is planar and the second surface comprises the array of tessellated lenses or the second surface is planar and the first surface comprises the array of tessellated lenses.
5. A device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first main surface and the second surface each comprise an array of tessellated lenses, each comprising at least first and second regions of regular hexagonal lens tessellation, wherein the first and second regions have a relative rotation between them of between 0 and 30 degrees.
6. A device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the outer shape of the or each array of tessellated lenses is circular.
7. A lighting device, comprising:
a light output device; and
an optical output device as claimed in claim 1 , provided over the light output device.
8. A lighting device as claimed in claim 7 , comprising a lamp having an output collimator, and the optical output device comprises a lens plate provided over the output collimator.
9. A lighting device as claimed in claim 7 , comprising a lamp having an output collimator, and the optical output device is formed as an integral part of the output collimator.
10. A lighting device as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the light output device comprises a plurality of light sources, and a respective collimator part associated with each light source, wherein the tessellated lenses comprise at least first and second regions of regular hexagonal lens tessellation for each light source.
11. A lighting device as claimed in claim 10 , wherein:
the optical output device comprises a single lens plate provided over the collimator parts; or
the collimator parts together comprise a shared collimator plate, and the optical output device is formed as an integral part of the shared collimator plate.
12. A method for designing an optical output device for receiving incident light and generating output light, the method comprising:
in a design model, allocating positions to a set of spheres within a desired outer shape,
in the model, assigning a repulsive force between the spheres while constrained within the outer shape;
in the model, altering the positions of the spheres based on the combined influence of the repulsive forces such that the altered positions correspond to a lower energy state, thereby to form sphere positions which comprise at least first and second regions wherein within each region all hexagons are regular hexagons of the same size and the same angular orientation with respect to each other, wherein the first and second regions have a relative rotation θ between them, of the hexagons about a normal to the tessellated surface, with 0<θ<30 degrees, wherein the first and second regions are randomly aligned with respect to each other, and wherein each region comprises at least seven tessellated lenses; and
using the sphere center positions to define the positions of lenses of spherical, aspherical or varying surface profiles, the lenses being defined on at least one of a first, incident light surface, and a second light exit surface of a plate.
13. A method as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the positions are allocated randomly or pseudo randomly.
14. A method as claimed in claim 12 , comprising defining the first surface as planar and the second surface as the array of tessellated lenses, or defining the second surface as planar and the first surface as the array of tessellated lenses, or defining the first and second surfaces each as an array of tessellated lenses.
15. A method as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the outer shape is circular.