Processing methods and apparatus to manufacture a functional, multi-scale, tapered fiber from polymer filament
Systems, methods, and apparatus to provide artificial whisker filaments are disclosed and described. An example artificial whisker is tapered to include a tip diameter smaller than a base diameter of the artificial whisker, the artificial whisker formed from a polymer arranged to permit elastic deformation of the artificial whisker, the deformation of the artificial whisker to transmit force to a sensor associated with a base of the artificial whisker. An example method of manufacturing an artificial whisker includes removably affixing a first end of a filament to a heated, non-stick surface; drawing the filament across the surface to form a first, tapered portion, a second portion of the filament remaining on the surface, wherein the filament is to be drawn until the first portion is disengaged from the surface; and separating the first, tapered portion of the filament from the second portion of the filament to form a tapered artificial whisker.
1. A method of manufacturing an artificial whisker, the method comprising:
removably affixing a first end of a filament to a heated, non-stick surface;
drawing the filament across the heated, non-stick surface to form a first, tapered portion, a second portion of the filament remaining on the heated, non-stick surface, wherein the filament is to be drawn until the first portion is disengaged from the heated, non-stick surface; and
separating the first, tapered portion of the filament from the second portion of the filament to form a tapered artificial whisker.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the filament includes a cylindrical filament formed from at least one of a polycarbonate or an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene material.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heated, non-stick surface includes a heated polytetrafluoroethylene plate.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heated, non-stick surface is to raise a temperature of the filament past a glass transition temperature (Tg) of the filament.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein drawing the filament further includes applying a constant velocity to the filament to deform the filament and produce a taper in the filament over a time period.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein a force applied to maintain the constant velocity is between two hundred millinewtons and two Newtons applied over a time period of thirty seconds.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the taper formed in the filament is to be determined by a taper profile.
8. The method of claim 5 , wherein the filament is drawn to form the tapered artificial whisker with a whisker slope between 0.001 and 0.003.
9. A method of manufacturing a sensor device, the method comprising:
removably affixing a first end of a filament to a heated, non-stick surface;
drawing the filament across the heated, non-stick surface to form a first, tapered portion, a second portion of the filament remaining on the heated, non-stick surface, wherein the filament is to be drawn until the first portion is disengaged from the heated, non-stick surface;
separating the first, tapered portion of the filament from the second portion of the filament to form a tapered artificial whisker; and
affixing the artificial whisker to sensor electronics to form a sensor device.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the artificial whisker is to provide tactile feedback to the sensor electronics when in contact with an object.