Silane-modified polyester blends and methods of preparation
A silane-modified polyester blend comprising a polyester polymer homogeneously blended with silane molecules containing two or three alkoxy groups bound to the silicon atom, wherein said silane molecules are present in said polyester blend in an amount of 0.05-20 wt % (or, e.g., 0.05-10 wt %, 0.05-5 wt %, or 0.05-2 wt %). The polyester polymer may, in particular embodiments, be a polyhydroxyalkanoate, terephthalate-based polyester, adipate-based, or succinate-based polyester. The silane molecule may be according to the formula (R 2 O) 2 SiR 3 R 4 , wherein R 2 groups are independently selected from alkyl groups containing 1-4 carbon atoms; and R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from OR 2 groups and alkyl groups containing 1-12 carbon atoms, provided that at least one of R 3 and R 4 is an alkyl group, wherein the alkyl group optionally includes one or more heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen, halogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and silicon. Methods for producing the silane-modified polyester blend are also described.
1. A silane-modified polyester blend comprising a polyester polymer homogeneously blended with silane molecules containing two or three alkoxy groups bound to the silicon atom, wherein said silane molecules are present in said polyester blend in an amount of 0.05-4 wt %, wherein said polyester blend contains silica cores resulting from in situ self-condensation of said silane molecules, and wherein said silica cores are homogeneously dispersed in the polyester polymer as a result of said in situ self-condensation.
2. The polyester blend of claim 1 , wherein said silane molecules are present in said polyester blend in an amount of 0.05-2 wt %.
3. The polyester blend of claim 1 , wherein said polyester polymer is a polyhydroxyalkanoate within the following generic structure:
wherein R 1 is selected from a hydrogen atom or hydrocarbon group, t is an integer from 0 to 4, n is an integer of at least 5, and said generic structure can be a monomer or copolymer.
4. The polyester blend of claim 3 , wherein said polyhydroxyalkanoate is selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid), poly(hydroxybutyric acid)s, poly(hydroxyvaleric acid)s, or poly(hydroxyhexanoic acid)s, polycaprolactone, and polymandelic acid.
5. The polyester blend of claim 1 , wherein said polyester polymer is a terephthalate-based polyester.
6. The polyester blend of claim 5 , wherein said terephthalate-based polyester is polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate.
7. The polyester blend of claim 1 , wherein said polyester polymer is an adipate-based or succinate-based polyester.
8. The polyester blend of claim 1 , wherein said silane molecules have the following structure:
wherein:
R 2 groups are independently selected from alkyl groups containing 1-4 carbon atoms; and
R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from OR 2 groups and alkyl groups containing 1-12 carbon atoms, provided that at least one of R 3 and R 4 is said alkyl group containing 1-12 carbon atoms, wherein said alkyl group containing 1-12 carbon atoms optionally includes one or more heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen, halogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and silicon.
9. The polyester blend of claim 8 , wherein said alkyl group containing 1-12 carbon atoms includes at least one heteroatom-containing functional group reactive with ester groups and/or hydroxy groups in the polyester polymer, thereby forming covalent bonds between the silane molecules and ester groups and/or hydroxy groups in the polyester polymer.
10. The polyester blend of claim 9 , wherein said heteroatom-containing functional group is selected from the group consisting of amine, isocyanate, epoxy, carboxylic acid, carboxylic ester, acid anhydride, carboxamide, ureido, and aldehyde groups.
11. The polyester blend of claim 1 , wherein said polyester blend further comprises filler particles.
12. The polyester blend of claim 11 , wherein said filler particles contain groups reactive with the alkoxy groups on the silane molecules, thereby forming covalent bonds between the filler particles and silane molecules.
13. The polyester blend of claim 12 , wherein said filler particles have a cellulosic composition.
14. The polyester blend of claim 12 , wherein said filler particles have a metal oxide composition.
15. The polyester blend of claim 11 , wherein said filler particles are present in said polyester blend in an amount of 0.1-50 wt %.
16. The polyester blend of claim 11 , wherein said filler particles are present in said polyester blend in an amount of 0.1-20 wt %.
17. The polyester blend of claim 16 , wherein the silane molecules are present in said polyester blend in an amount of 0.1-10 wt %.
18. The polyester blend of claim 1 , wherein said silane molecules are present in said polyester blend in an amount of 0.05-3 wt %.
19. The polyester blend of claim 1 , wherein said silica cores have a size of no more than 220 nm.