Coaxial microneedle assemblies and methods thereof
The present invention is directed to devices including one or more hollow needles and a transducing wire disposed within at least one needle. In particular instances, arrays of such needles can be employed. Methods for fabricating and using such devices are also disclosed herein.
1. A device comprising:
a hollow needle, wherein the needle has an interior surface facing a hollow lumen and an exterior surface, a distal end of the exterior surface comprises a puncturing edge, and the needle has a length of less than about 1.5 mm and/or a width or diameter of less than about 1 mm in order to avoid capillary beds in a tissue and measure a dermal interstitial fluid,
at least one transducing wire disposed within the lumen of the needle, each transducing wire comprising a surface within the lumen and a distal end comprising an exposed surface and wherein the exposed surface of each transducing wire is conductive and optionally comprises one or more electrochemical modifications; and
an insulating layer disposed upon and completely covering the surface of each transducing wire within the lumen whilst leaving the conducting surface at the distal end directly in tissue contact and exposed to the dermal interstitial fluid.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the puncturing edge of the needle comprises a needle face, wherein the exposed surface comprises a wire face with the conductive surface disposed at a distal end.
3. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a conductive component providing an electrical connection to the transducing wire.
4. The device of claim 3 , wherein the conductive component comprises a carbon-based pasteor a conductive polymer.
5. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a conductive component disposed on the exposed surface of the transducing wire, wherein the conductive component optionally comprises one or more entrapped capture agents.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one transducing wire comprises a first transducing wire and a second transducing wire, wherein the first transducing wire provides a working electrode and the second transducing wire provides a counter electrode or a reference electrode.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein a surface of the hollow needle is coated with a metal reference material.
8. The device of claim 7 , wherein the metal reference material comprises a noble metal.
9. The device of claim 8 , wherein the noble metal comprises silver, gold, or platinum.