Floor covering with universal backing and methods of making and recycling
A dimensionally stable universal floor covering includes a tufted textile having stitches and a reinforcement layer of fibers and adhesive providing dimensional stability for the entire floor covering. The fibers and adhesive are mixed and then moved by an applicator towards the stitches. A slip path is formed to improve the movement of the fibers and adhesive. A releasable adhesive or gecko-like cover system is provided which also provides additional strength and stability and a releasable attachment of the universal floor covering to a supporting surface.
1. A method of manufacturing a universal floor covering which can be used as either a broadloom or modular floor covering, the method comprising the steps of:
manufacturing either a broadloom or modular floor covering from a group of components including a tufted textile substrate having a primary backing substrate extending in a first direction and a plurality of yarns tufted through the primary backing substrate, the primary backing substrate having a face side and a back side opposite the face side, a portion of each yarn forming a stitch portion having an end that is located on the back side of the primary backing substrate, and spaces existing between the stitch portions;
said group of components further including a composition pool having adhesive and reinforcement fibers;
moving the tufted textile substrate relative to an applicator having an engagement surface, and providing space between the stitch portions of the yarns and the applicator;
mixing the adhesive and reinforcement fibers to form a mixture of reinforcement fibers and adhesive;
separating reinforcement fibers from each other during the mixing step;
applying a moving pressure on the mixture of reinforcement fibers and adhesive to move reinforcement fibers and adhesive against the engagement surface of the applicator;
forming a slip path on the engagement surface of the applicator for separating the reinforcement fibers and adhesive from frictional engagement with the applicator;
applying controlled pressure with the applicator in a second direction towards the primary backing substrate and forming a relatively rigid reinforcement layer of reinforcement fibers and adhesive, the relatively rigid reinforcement layer of reinforcement fibers and adhesive providing strength and stability to the universal floor covering; and
forming a releasable gecko-like cover system for providing a releasable attachment of the universal floor covering to a supporting surface.
2. The method of manufacturing a the universal floor covering according to claim 1 further comprising forming spaces between reinforcement fibers during the mixing step and aligning reinforcement fibers during the movement of the reinforcement fibers and adhesive against the engagement surface of the applicator.
3. The method of manufacturing a the universal floor covering according to claim 1 further comprising forming a conformed layer which is attached to the relatively rigid reinforcement layer of reinforcement fibers and adhesive.
4. The method of manufacturing the universal floor covering according to claim 3 further comprising forming a desirable surface contact characteristic with a conditioning member.
5. The method of manufacturing the universal floor covering according to claim 4 further comprising embossing the conformed layer with the conditioning member after the conformed layer is formed.
6. The method of manufacturing the universal floor covering according to claim 3 further comprising selectively cutting the universal floor covering without cutting through the conformed layer.
7. The method of manufacturing a the universal floor covering according to claim 1 further comprising forming a conformed layer consisting of the relatively rigid reinforcement layer of reinforcement fibers and adhesive.
8. The method of manufacturing the universal floor covering according to claim 3 or claim 7 further comprising attaching an adhesive layer to the conformed layer, and the adhesive layer and conformed layer providing the releasable gecko-like cover system for providing the releasable attachment of the universal floor covering to a supporting surface.
9. The method of manufacturing the universal floor covering according to claim 1 , wherein the applicator comprises peaks and valleys, and the step of applying a moving pressure further comprises engaging the reinforcement fibers and adhesive with the peaks and valleys of the applicator to assist in aligning the reinforcement fibers in the first direction.
10. The method of manufacturing the universal floor covering according to claim 1 further comprising contemporaneously or simultaneously moving a portion of the mixture of adhesive and reinforcement fibers into the spaces between the stitch portions when forming the relatively rigid layer of reinforcement fibers and adhesive.
11. The method of manufacturing the universal floor covering according to claim 1 , wherein the releasable gecko-like cover system is dissolvable.