Generating artistic designs encoded with robust, machine-readable data
Artwork carrying machine readable data is generated by editing artwork according to a data signal or transforming the data signal into artwork. The machine-readable data signal is generated from a digital payload and converted into an image tile. Artwork is edited according to the image tile by moving graphic elements, adapting intersections of lines, or altering line density, among other techniques. Artwork is generated from the data signal by skeletonizing it and applying morphological operators to a skeletal representation, such as a medial axis transform. Artistic effects are introduced by filtering the data signal with directional blurring or shape filters.
1. A method of generating artwork carrying a machine-readable data signal, the method comprising:
obtaining artwork;
generating a data signal from a digital payload, the generating comprising generating payload carrying and synchronization signal components;
prioritizing the payload carrying and synchronization components by applying a weighting to the components derived from measuring robustness at different ratios of the signal components, and selecting a ratio of signal components based on the measured robustness; and
editing the artwork according to the data signal to produce output artwork carrying the digital payload.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
measuring robustness of the data signal at spatial blocks within the output artwork to determine a robustness metric per spatial block;
identifying areas with weak data signal from the robustness metric per spatial block; and
updating the editing of the artwork at the areas with weak data signal by inserting additional graphic elements according to the data signal.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the editing comprises moving position of graphic objects according to a signal gradient of the data signal.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the editing comprises editing line density of line elements by removing interior of the line element according to the data signal.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the editing comprises inserting a gap at intersections of line elements according to the data signal.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the editing comprises inserting graphical elements into the artwork according to the data signal.
7. The method of claim 1 comprising converting the artwork to skeletal representation and editing the skeletal representation according to the data signal.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein the converting comprises computing a medial axis transform of the artwork, and the editing comprises editing the medial axis transform according to the data signal.
9. A method of claim 1 wherein generating the data signal comprises:
error correction coding the payload, modulating a carrier with the payload to produce modulated payload elements; and
mapping the modulated payload elements to locations within a rectangular data tile;
wherein the editing comprises editing the artwork at locations according to the modulated payload elements at the locations.
10. The method of claim 9 comprising repeating the data tile in contiguous blocks of the artwork.
11. A non-transitory computer readable medium on which is stored instructions, which when executed by a processor, perform a method of claim 1 .
12. A method of generating artwork carrying a machine-readable data signal, the method comprising:
generating a data signal from a digital payload;
mapping the data signal to spatial locations to form an image of the data signal;
transforming data signal elements in the image according to a filter of shape or directionality that corresponds to desired aesthetic effect;
skeletonizing the data signal into a skeletal representation;
editing the skeletal representation with morphological operations; and
converting the skeletal representation to an image of artwork for application to an object, the artwork carrying the digital payload.
13. The method of claim 12 further comprising:
measuring robustness of the data signal at spatial blocks within the output artwork to determine a robustness metric per spatial block;
identifying areas with weak data signal from the robustness metric per spatial block; and
updating the areas with weak data signal by adjusting parameters of the morphological operators.
14. The method of claim 12 wherein the editing comprises dilating or eroding stroke width of the skeletal representation.
15. The method of claim 12 wherein the editing comprises smoothing corners.
16. The method of any of claim 12 comprising thresholding the image of the data signal prior to skeletonizing to convert the image to a quantized form of two or more pixel values per data signal element location within the image.
17. The method of claim 12 wherein the skeletonizing comprises computing a medial axis transform of the artwork, and the editing comprises editing the medial axis transform.
18. A method of claim 12 generating the data signal comprises:
error correction coding the payload, modulating a carrier with the payload to produce modulated payload elements; and
mapping the modulated payload elements to locations within a rectangular data tile;
wherein the editing comprises editing the artwork at locations according to the modulated payload elements at the locations.
19. The method of claim 18 comprising repeating the data tile in contiguous blocks to form the artwork, in which the payload is repeated in instances of the data tile.
20. The method of claim 12 wherein generating the data signal comprises:
generating payload carrying and synchronization signal components; and
prioritizing the payload carrying and synchronization components.
21. The method of claim 20 comprising optimizing the prioritizing of the components by measuring robustness at different ratios of the signal components; and selecting a ratio of signal components based on the measured robustness.
22. A non-transitory computer readable medium on which is stored instructions, which when executed by a processor, perform a method of claim 12 .