Systems and methods for steam generator tube analysis for detection of tube degradation
The systems and methods of the invention pertain to analyzing steam generator tube data for the detection of wear. Further, the invention is capable of performing a comparison of current tube signal data to baseline or historic tube signal data, e.g., from previous and/or the first, in-service inspection of the steam generator. The systems and methods are automated and can generate results to show potential tube-to-tube contact wear areas as well as the progression of tube-to-tube gap reduction within a steam generator tube bundle. In certain embodiments, the invention is capable of comparing current and historical eddy current data to determine the difference that may be related to degradation or other interested phenomena, and of processing and trending historical comparison results to establish normal variance and detect abnormal variances.
1. A method of employing at least one eddy current sensor and at least one digital computing device to non-destructively assess a tube of a steam generator of a nuclear power plant, the method comprising:
generating a database, wherein generating the database comprises:
collecting initial eddy current data for the tube;
storing, by the at least one digital computing device, the initial eddy current data in the database;
collecting first additional eddy current data for the tubes at a first time after the initial eddy current data is collected;
storing, by the at least one digital computing device, the first additional eddy current data in the database;
comparing a signal characteristic of the initial eddy current data with a corresponding signal characteristic of the first additional eddy current data; and
storing results of the comparison in the database;
determining a normal signal characteristic variance based on the stored results of the comparison;
collecting second additional eddy current data for the tube at a second time after the first additional eddy current data is collected, wherein collecting the initial eddy current data, the first additional eddy current data and the second additional eddy current data comprises using at least one robotically-controlled advancement mechanism to advance the at least one eddy current sensor through the tube;
determining an abnormal signal characteristic variance based on the normal signal characteristic variance and a signal characteristic variance of the second additional eddy current data; and
determining a physical region of interest of the tube for manual evaluation by an analyst based on a geometry of the region of interest of the tube, the initial eddy current data, the first additional eddy current data, and the collected second additional eddy current data, wherein the physical region of interest is a portion of the tube.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein aligning the first additional eddy current data with the initial eddy current data comprises transforming, by the at least one digital computing device, at least one of the following:
the initial eddy current data; and
the first additional eddy current data.
3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:
storing, by the at least one digital computing device, the determined slope of the trending curve in the database;
querying the database; and
mapping results of the querying to a tube sheet map to highlight regions of concern.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein comparing the signal characteristic of the initial eddy current data with the corresponding signal characteristic of the first additional eddy current data comprises comparing at least one of the following signal characteristics:
a signal amplitude;
a signal phase angle;
a signal shape;
a signal area; and
a signal width.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the database further comprises performing, by the at least one digital computing device, the comparison of the signal characteristic of the initial eddy current data with the corresponding signal characteristic of the first additional eddy current data.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein storing the results of the comparison in the database comprises storing, by the at least one digital computing device, the results of the comparison in the database.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein comparing the signal characteristic of the initial eddy current data with the corresponding signal characteristic of the first additional eddy current data comprises aligning, by the at least one digital computing device, the first additional eddy current data with the initial eddy current data.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein aligning the-first additional eddy current data with the initial eddy current data comprises scaling, by the at least one digital computing device, at least one of the following:
the initial eddy current data; and
the first additional eddy current data.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein identifying the abnormal signal characteristic variance further comprises generating a trending plot comparison based on the corresponding signal characteristic of the second additional eddy current data and at least one of the following:
the signal characteristic of the initial eddy current data; and
the corresponding signal characteristic of the first additional eddy current data.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein identifying the abnormal signal characteristic variance further comprises determining a slope of a trending curve defined by the trending plot comparison.
11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising storing, by the at least one digital computing device, at least one of the following to the database:
the trending plot comparison;
the trending curve; and
the determined slope of the trending curve.
12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising wherein:
collecting the initial eddy current data comprises collecting the initial eddy current data at a time of manufacture of the steam generator;
collecting the first additional eddy current data comprises collecting the first additional eddy current data during at least one in-service inspection of the steam generator; and
collecting the second additional eddy current data comprises collecting the second additional eddy current data during another in-service inspection of the steam generator occurring after the at least one in-service inspection of the steam generator.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
collecting the initial eddy current data comprises collecting the initial eddy current data during an initial in-service inspection of the steam generator;
collecting the first additional eddy current data comprises collecting the first additional eddy current data during at least one in-service inspection of the steam generator occurring after the initial in-service inspection of the steam generator; and
collecting the second additional eddy current data comprises collecting the second additional eddy current data during another in-service inspection of the steam generator occurring after the least one in-service inspection of the steam generator.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
identifying an exception for the physical region of interest of the tube; and
determining the second additional eddy current data does not exceed a value of the exception.