Watch with rotatable optical encoder having a spindle defining an array of alternating regions extending along an axial direction parallel to the axis of a shaft
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an optical encoder for an electronic device. The optical encoder includes a spindle and an encoded pattern disposed around a circumference of the spindle. The encoded pattern may include one or more surface features that create a direction-dependent reflective region.
1. A watch comprising:
a housing defining an opening;
a display at least partially enclosed by the housing; and
a crown coupled to the housing and configured to receive a rotational input, the crown comprising:
a dial positioned along a side of the housing;
a shaft coupled to the dial and extending through the opening of the housing; and
a spindle coupled to the shaft and defining an array of alternating regions, each region of the array of alternating regions extending along an axial direction parallel to an axis of the shaft;
an optical emitter positioned along a side of the spindle and configured to illuminate a portion of the spindle; and
an optical detector arranged along the side of the spindle and aligned with the optical emitter in the axial direction.
2. The watch of claim 1 , wherein:
the array of alternating regions includes a set of light-reflective regions interspersed with a set of interstitial regions; and
each light-reflective region of the set of light-reflective regions is configured to increase a width of a reflected light beam along the axial direction.
3. The watch of claim 2 , wherein each interstitial region of the set of interstitial regions is an optically-absorptive region that absorbs light emitted from the optical emitter.
4. The watch of claim 1 , wherein:
the array of alternating regions includes a set of light-reflective regions; and
a light-reflective region of the set of light-reflective regions includes a set of groove features that each extend at least partially around a circumference of the spindle.
5. The watch of claim 1 , wherein:
the array of alternating regions includes a set of light-reflective regions; and
a light-reflective region of the set of light-reflective regions includes a set of convex features that each extend at least partially around a circumference of the spindle.
6. The watch of claim 1 , wherein the shaft and the spindle are integrally formed together as a single piece.
7. The watch of claim 1 , wherein:
the watch further comprises an optically diffusing member positioned adjacent a face of at least one of the optical emitter or the optical detector; and
the optically diffusing member is configured to increase a width of a light distribution along the axial direction.
8. The watch of claim 1 , wherein:
the array of alternating regions defines a non-repeating sequence; and
the watch is configured to determine an absolute angular position of the crown based on the non-repeating sequence.
9. A wrist-worn electronic device comprising:
a housing:
a display positioned at least partially within the housing and configured to depict graphical elements;
a crown coupled to the housing and configured to receive a rotational input, the crown comprising:
a dial positioned along a side of the housing; and
a spindle coupled to the dial and having an array of alternating regions that extend along a length of the spindle;
an optical emitter positioned along a side of the spindle and configured to illuminate a portion of the array of alternating regions; and
an array of optical detectors arranged along the length of the spindle and configured to detect light reflected off the portion of the array of alternating regions; wherein the wrist-worn device is configured to modify the graphical elements of the display in response to the rotational input.
10. The wrist-worn electronic device of claim 9 , wherein the graphical elements are moved in accordance with a speed of the rotational input.
11. The wrist-worn electronic device of claim 9 , wherein:
the array of alternating regions define a spatially unique pattern; and
the wrist-worn electronic device is configured to determine an absolute rotational position of the crown based on the spatially unique pattern.
12. The wrist-worn electronic device of claim 9 , wherein the array of optical detectors is one or more of:
an array of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) elements; or
an array of charge-coupled device elements.
13. The wrist-worn electronic device of claim 9 , wherein:
the wrist-worn electronic device further comprises a diffusing member positioned over the array of optical detectors; and
the diffusing member includes an array of elongated lens features that each extend in a direction that is transverse to the length of the spindle.
14. A wearable electronic device comprising:
a housing that defines an interior volume;
a display positioned at least partially within the interior volume and along a front of the wearable electronic device;
a crown comprising:
a dial positioned along a side of the wearable electronic device and configured to receive a rotational input; and
a shaft coupled to the dial and extending into the interior volume of the housing; and
an array of light-reflective regions, each light-reflective region extending along an axial direction of the shaft;
an optical emitter positioned along a side of the array of light-reflective regions and configured to illuminate a portion of the array of light-reflective regions; and
an optical detector aligned with the optical emitter along the axial direction.
15. The wearable electronic device of claim 14 , wherein:
the optical emitter is configured to produce an illuminating light beam incident on at least one light-reflective region of the array of light-reflective regions;
the at least one light-reflective region is configured to produce a reflected light beam in response to the illuminating light beam; and
the reflected light beam has a widened beam distribution in the axial direction.
16. The wearable electronic device of claim 14 , wherein:
the light-reflective region is configured to produce a reflection that is more diffuse along the axial direction as compared to other non-axial directions.
17. The wearable electronic device of claim 14 , wherein:
the crown further comprises a spindle coupled to the shaft and positioned within the interior volume of the housing; and
the array of light-reflective regions are formed along an outer surface of the spindle.
18. The wearable electronic device of claim 14 , wherein each light-reflective region of the array of light-reflective regions includes an array of concave features arranged along a length of each light-reflective region.
19. The wearable electronic device of claim 14 , wherein each light-reflective region of the array of light-reflective regions includes an array of convex features arranged along a length of each light-reflective region.
20. The wearable electronic device of claim 14 , wherein the optical detector comprises a linear array of photo-detectors that are arranged along the axial direction.